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Low-concentrate type fermented total mixed ration for dairy cows and preparation method thereof

A technology for dairy cows and mixtures, applied in applications, animal feed, animal feed, etc., can solve problems such as difficult to effectively use, reduce feed dry matter intake, reduce palatability, etc., improve palatability and digestibility, and avoid animal picky eaters phenomenon, the effect of improving yield and quality

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-09-15
CHINA AGRI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the crop straw is rough and hard, and its nutritional value is not high. If it is directly used as feed for ruminants, it has low digestibility, poor palatability, and is difficult to effectively use.
At present, the utilization rate of straw in my country is only 33%, and the utilization rate of the part after technical treatment is less than 3%.
However, TMR is generally prepared and used immediately, and it is not easy to store for a long time
Studies have found that TMR generally begins to deteriorate within 24 hours after preparation, which not only reduces the palatability and causes serious waste of feed, but also reduces the dry matter intake of feed and affects the production performance of livestock
At the present stage, the distribution of TMR cannot achieve daily delivery. Therefore, in order to realize the commercialization and easy storage and transportation of TMR, it needs to be packaged and stored to a certain extent.

Method used

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  • Low-concentrate type fermented total mixed ration for dairy cows and preparation method thereof
  • Low-concentrate type fermented total mixed ration for dairy cows and preparation method thereof
  • Low-concentrate type fermented total mixed ration for dairy cows and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0066] Preparation and fermentation performance measurement of embodiment 1, TMR

[0067] 1. Raw material composition

[0068] The raw material composition is shown in Table 1.

[0069] Table 1 Raw material composition and nutrient content

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Contains 320,000 IU vitamin A and vitamin D per kilogram of premix 3 500000IU, vitamin E 1500IU, containing Zn 5.5g, Mn 6g, Cu 1.2g, Fe 8.5g, I 0.09g, Se 0.03g, Co 0.05g.

[0073] 2. Preparation of TMR and Determination of Fermentation Performance

[0074] 1. Pretreatment of raw materials

[0075] Straw and forage grass are cut with a forage grass cutter, and the length is controlled at about 10-30mm, or kneaded and cut with a kneading cutter. The energy feed is pulverized before use.

[0076] 2. Weigh each raw material according to the ratio in Table 1, and put them into the TMR mixer in order of specific gravity from small to large to mix evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 40%.

[0077] 3. Pu...

Embodiment 2

[0081] Preparation and aerobic stability detection of embodiment 2, TMR

[0082] 1. Pretreatment of raw materials

[0083] Straw and forage grass are cut with a forage grass cutter, and the length is controlled at about 10-30mm, or kneaded and cut with a kneading cutter. The energy feed is pulverized before use.

[0084] 2. Weigh each raw material according to the ratio in Table 1, and put them into the TMR mixer in order of specific gravity from small to large to mix evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 40%.

[0085] 3. Put the mixture obtained in step 2 into silage bags and seal them (500 g per bag), and obtain 6 sealed bags, which are randomly divided into two groups, one group is kept frozen, and the other group is fermented at room temperature (20-25° C.).

[0086] 4. Open the package on the 21st day, and thaw the first group at room temperature in advance; mix the samples of each group evenly and place them in an insulated and sterile open container, and analyze ...

Embodiment 3

[0088] Preparation and feeding effect analysis of embodiment 3, TMR

[0089] 1. Preparation of TMR

[0090] 1. Pretreatment of raw materials

[0091] Straw and forage grass are cut with a forage grass cutter, and the length is controlled at about 10-30mm, or kneaded and cut with a kneading cutter. The energy feed is pulverized before use.

[0092] 2. Weigh each raw material according to the ratio in Table 1, and put them into the TMR mixer in order of specific gravity from small to large to mix evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 40%.

[0093] 3. Wrap and seal the mixture obtained in step 2 with a silage wrapping machine (Takakita, Japan), and place it outdoors (minimum temperature 5° C., maximum temperature 25° C.) to ferment.

[0094] 4. Ferment for 21 days to obtain fermented TMR.

[0095] 2. Observe the external form of TMR

[0096] The color of TMR obtained after 21 days of fermentation is basically yellow, some of which are slightly brown, with a sour smell, ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-concentrate type fermented total mixed ration (TMR) for dairy cows and a preparation method thereof. The TMR is prepared by the following steps of: (1) mixing the following materials in part by mass to obtain a mixture: 15 to 20 parts of straw, 4 to 8 parts of fodder grass, 6 to 12 parts of protein feed, 25 to 30 parts of energy feed, 3 to 6 parts of minerals and molasses, 40 to 45 parts of food processing by-products and 0.5 to 1 part of premix compound of trace elements and vitamins; (2) adjusting the moisture content of the mixture of the step (1) to be between 40 and 50 percent; and (3) sealing and fermenting the mixture of the step (2) for more than 14 days to obtain the ration for the dairy cows. The TMR of the invention has the following advantages of: low cost; complete nutrition and homogeneous components to avoid animal picky eaters and significantly improve the production performance of animals; and high aerobic stability. The low-concentrate type fermented total mixed ration for the dairy cows opens up a new technique and an effective way for efficient utilization of the resources of the straw and the food processing by-products, and has important practicability and application promotion values.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of livestock feed processing, and in particular relates to a low-concentrate fermented total mixed ration (TMR, Total Mixed Rations) for dairy cows and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] According to statistics, my country's annual output of crop straw is about 700 million tons, accounting for about 30% of the world's total annual output of straw, which is a huge potential feed resource for the development of herbivorous livestock. However, crop stalks are rough and hard, and their nutritional value is not high. If they are directly used as feed for ruminants, they will have low digestibility and poor palatability, making it difficult to effectively use them. At present, the utilization rate of straw in my country is only 33%, and the utilization rate of the part after technical treatment is less than 3%. [0003] Food processing by-products generally have high moisture content, are not resis...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A23K1/14A23K1/16A23K1/175A23K1/06A23K1/18A23K10/38
CPCY02P60/87
Inventor 徐春城刘贤黄光群韩鲁佳孙启忠
Owner CHINA AGRI UNIV
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