Device and method for directional fracture of rocks

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for directional fracture of rocks. The fracture device consists of a pressure transfer body, a plurality of shape memory alloy bodies and a spacing body. The inner side of the pressure transfer body is provided with symmetrical grooves, and the outer side of the pressure transfer body is arc-shaped; and the cross sections of the shape memory alloy bodies are cross, the left and right ends of the shape memory alloy bodies are embedded in the grooves of the pressure transfer body, and the front and rear ends of the shape memory alloy bodies are embedded with hard straight blades. The method comprises the following steps: putting the directional fracture device into a borehole, adjusting the straight blades towards the predetermined fracture direction, then heating the shape memory alloy bodies to be stretched along the cross direction, forming primary shear fracture on the hole wall firstly through the driven straight blades, and then expanding the cracks through the combined action of extrusion forces of the straight blades and the pressure transfer body so as to cause rock fracture. The rock fracture surface is regular, the fracture efficiency is high, the reuse rate is high, the cost is low, and the method and the device are suitable for stone exploitation, blasting operations of tunnels, side slopes and the like and other pre-splitting blasting and demolition blasting.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention involves a rock -oriented static blasting technology, especially a rock -oriented fracture device and method for stone mining, the rock -oriented of the well lane, tunnel, and slope engineering. Background technique [0002] Direct breaks are stone mining, well lanes, tunnels, slope projects, and extensive rocks and concrete materials in the demolition of blasting.At present, the most commonly used method for controlling and blasting the silent blasting method in stone mining to achieve directional breaks. [0003] During the blasting of medicine control, one is to cut the V -shaped groove along the vertical trough of the cannon holes. When the column -shaped medicine exploded, the stress wave generated first caused the stress concentration at the tip of the slot to crack the rock.The cracks continued to crack along the direction of the slot until the adjacent gun pores run through.The other type is to use a special pill to make it first gener...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The high-energy combustion agent method utilizes gas quasi-static expansion and thermal stress to fracture rocks, but when the amount is too large, flying stones will also be generated, and the quality of filling is high, and the operation is inconvenient, especially after the combustion agent is ignited, excess gas often sprays along the cracks. orifice

The static breaking agent method uses the chemical reaction of the breaking agent to generate expansion to break the rock, but the cracking time of the rock is long, the efficiency is low, and it is obviously affected by the climate

The static breaking agent is also corrosive and requires certain construction protection

In addition, the construction costs of both methods are relatively high

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