Short/small hairpin RNA molecules
An RNA polymerase, hairpin technology, applied in the field of molecular biology, can solve environmental problems, insufficient insect control of insecticides, etc.
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example 1
[0305] Example 1: shRNA molecules contain novel structural features
[0306] Design and development of novel short / small hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules to inhibit RNA transcribed from expressed genes within living cells of an organism. In some embodiments, shRNA molecules are single-stranded polynucleotide molecules that are less than 70 nucleotides (ie, <70 nt) in length. In other embodiments, shRNA molecules are single-stranded polynucleotide molecules that are less than 80 nucleotides (ie, <80nt) in length. In additional embodiments, shRNA molecules are single-stranded polynucleotide molecules that are less than 90 nucleotides (ie, <90nt) in length. Single-stranded shRNA molecules form a secondary structure called a stem-loop structure (eg, a hairpin loop structure). The shRNA stem-loop structure results from intramolecular nucleotide base pairing, such that a single-stranded shRNA molecule folds and forms base pairs with another part of the same shRNA polynucleotide stran...
example 2
[0308] Example 2: shRNA molecules contain hairpin structures
[0309] The hairpin structure of an shRNA is a stretch of primarily unpaired or single-stranded nucleotides of the shRNA polynucleotide that results when the shRNA polynucleotide folds and forms base pairs with another portion of the same strand of the shRNA polynucleotide. Although the hairpin remains primarily unpaired or single-stranded, some double-stranded junctions can form between nucleotides within the hairpin of the shRNA. It is not impossible to observe double-stranded fragments of 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 nucleotides in length within the hairpin structure of the shRNA molecule. In addition, multiple double-stranded fragments can be observed within the hairpin structure of shRNA molecules. In some aspects, the hairpin structure of the shRNA molecule contains unstructured polynucleotide sequences. These unstructured polynucleotide sequences within the loop structure are single-stranded bulges / mismatches of single...
example 3
[0311] Example 3: shRNA molecules contain a stem structure
[0312] The stem structure of an shRNA is the double-stranded polynucleotide sequence of a single-stranded shRNA polynucleotide that results when the shRNA polynucleotide folds and forms a double-stranded base pair with another portion of the same strand of the shRNA polynucleotide. The stem structure remains predominantly paired or double-stranded, where no single-stranded polynucleotide sequence is formed between nucleotides within the stem structure of the shRNA due to unbonding of nucleotides. In some aspects, the stem structure of an shRNA molecule can contain unstructured polynucleotide sequences. In other aspects, the stem structure of the shRNA molecule can all assume a paired double-stranded structure. In additional aspects, shRNA stem structures can be designed to be greater than 16 nucleotides in length (ie >16 bp). In other aspects, shRNA stem structures can be designed to be less than or equal to 25 nuc...
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