Coulomb force experimental instrument based on light lever

Abstract

The invention provides a coulomb force experimental instrument based on a light lever. The coulomb force experimental instrument comprises a main box body, a sliding seat, an electrostatic pendulum, ashifting frame, a hollow conductor ball and a reading system, the pendulum ball and the hollow conductor ball are arranged, the two balls are connected with the same pole of the high-voltage direct-current power supply, and the pendulum ball can deviate from the vertical direction under the action of coulomb repulsive force; the position of the sliding seat is controlled to be unchanged, the output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is adjusted, the change of the deflection angle of the pendulum ball is observed, and the qualitative relation between coulomb force and charge quantity can be explored; then the displacement frame is adjusted, the position of the pendulum ball is changed, it is ensured that the ball center of the pendulum ball and the ball center of the hollow conductor ball are located on the straight line calibrated by the coulomb force experimental instrument, the distance r between the two ball centers and the distance h between the suspension point of the sliding seat and the straight line calibrated by the coulomb force experimental instrument are measured in combination with the reading system, and the coulomb force F can be indirectly measured; similarly, the output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is changed, multiple groups of F and r are measured, and the quantitative relation between the coulomb force F and the distance r between the two sphere centers can be explored.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of teaching instruments, in particular to a Coulomb force experimental instrument based on a light lever, which is used for demonstrating and exploring which factors the Coulomb force is related to in teaching. Background technique [0002] Experimental instruments used in current teaching to demonstrate and explore the factors that affect the interaction between charges, such as figure 1 shown. The main components involved in this experiment include: the spherical conductor О and the electrostatic pendulum, and the influencing factors naturally come from these two. Mainly analyze the influencing factors from the following four aspects: one is to analyze the charge and leakage of the spherical conductor О and the pendulum ball; the other is to analyze the influence of the quality and volume of the electrostatic pendulum on its swing; How to determine the distance r between the conductors О; the fourth is t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] 1. It is greatly affected by the experimental environment, and it is necessary to ensure that the environment is dry

Due to the pendulum ball and the spherical conductor О, in a humid environment, the discharge is very fast, which makes the experimental phenomenon not obvious, or even impossible to make the experimental phenomenon, which limits the time and place of teaching and affects normal teaching

[0004] 2. Only the qualitative relationship between the interaction force and distance between charges can be explored, but the quantitative relationship between the interaction force and distance between charges cannot be explored. It is difficult to highlight and break through the key points and difficulties of the teaching content in this section

The charging time of the spherical conductor О is extremely short, so it is difficult to see the experimental phenomenon

[0008] 4. The pendulum ball is small in size, carries less charge, and has a faster discharge time, which also makes it difficult to obtain the experimental phenomenon or the experimental phenomenon occurs in a very short time, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the teaching

When analyzing the force of the pendulum ball, the interaction force between the charges and the gravity on the pendulum ball are no longer perpendicular to each other, and the interaction force between the charges on the pendulum ball cannot be expressed by F=mgtanθ, which brings a lot of inconvenience

[0010] 6. The electrostatic pendulum is not easy to stabilize after swinging

In the case where the pendulum ball is suspended by thin wires, when the pendulum ball is subjected to Coulomb force at a certain angle from the vertical direction, it cannot stop quickly and will vibrate near a certain position for a long time, which is not conducive to classroom teaching

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