Fire prevention and control system for lithium ion battery prefabricated cabin and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire prevention and control system for a lithium ion battery prefabricated cabin and a control method. The system comprises a control assembly, an air intake and exhaust device and a fire extinguishing device, wherein each battery energy storage cabinet is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a liquid nitrogen spraying device, and a lithium ion battery cluster isarranged in each battery energy storage cabinet; the air inlet and exhaust device comprises a nitrogen storage tank, the output end of the nitrogen storage tank communicates with each air inlet, andeach air outlet is connected with the input end of the nitrogen storage tank; the fire extinguishing device comprises a liquid nitrogen storage tank, the output end of the liquid nitrogen storage tankis connected with each liquid nitrogen jetting device, and the input end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected with a nitrogen generator; the control assembly comprises a controller and aplurality of detection devices, and each detection device is correspondingly arranged in the battery energy storage cabinet and used for monitoring the fire condition; and the controller is connectedwith the liquid nitrogen storage tank, the liquid nitrogen injection devices, the nitrogen storage tank, an exhaust assembly and a gas inlet assembly. The system not only cools the normal operation oflithium ion battery cluster transportation, but also performs efficient fire extinguishing prevention and control on the lithium ion battery cluster transportation, and the mutual conversion of nitrogen and liquid nitrogen enables the efficiency to be higher.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing, in particular to a fire prevention and control system and control method for a lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin. Background technique [0002] In order to promote the transformation and upgrading of my country's energy consumption industry structure and improve energy utilization, the planning and construction of lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations based on lithium-ion batteries have been vigorously developed. [0003] Due to the essential energy storage characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, when a large number of lithium-ion batteries in the energy storage station continue to operate, a large amount of heat will be generated, causing the temperature to rise, and the lithium-ion battery energy storage system is mostly a small and closed space, which cannot be timely Heat dissipation, so there is a great danger; [0004] Research on lithium-ion battery fires at home and ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, most of the cooling and heat dissipation measures taken for battery clusters in lithium battery prefabricated cabins are to install additional heat dissipation devices outside the lithium battery pack, which increases the volume of the lithium battery pack to a certain extent, and makes the space of the battery prefabricated cabin even narrower under the same setting conditions. In addition, no effective measures have been taken for the fire separation between lithium-ion battery clusters, and the chain propagation after thermal runaway of a single lithium-ion battery cluster cannot be effectively stopped in time;

[0005] In addition, while considering the cooling and heat dissipation of lithium-ion battery clusters, it is also necessary to prevent and control fires in lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations. The existing fire prevention and control is to use external fire-fighting facilities to extinguish the entire battery energy storage box; Based on the traditional building fire protection system as a model, a small fire protection system is arranged inside the box, and the linkage operation of the automatic alarm device and the internal fire extinguishing system is used to control and extinguish the fire; these two methods also occupy a separate space. It cannot be matched with the cooling and heat dissipation of the lithium-ion battery cluster at the same time, resulting in a waste of resources. In addition, the traditional water-based fire extinguishing device may cause damage to the battery after the fire extinguishing spray is completed.

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