Observation device and method for natural distribution of gas nuclei in water body under low pressure environment

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for observing natural distribution of air cores in water in a low-air-pressure environment. The device comprises a vacuum model box, a sheet light source, a laser transmitter, a synchronous controller, a computer and a CCD camera, wherein the vacuum model box is provided with a vacuum valve, a water inlet valve and a water draining valve; the sheet light source is connected with the vacuum model box; the laser transmitter is connected with the sheet light source; the synchronous controller is connected with the laser transmitter; the computer and the CCD camera are separately connected with the synchronous controller; and an image acquisition card is arranged in the computer and is connected with the CCD camera. By a reasonable image acquisition method and an air core recognition method, natural distribution of the air cores in the water in the low-air-pressure environment is observed. A method for measuring basic properties of the water under low air pressure under the conditions of a laboratory is innovated, distribution of the air cores which naturally exist in the water in the low-air-pressure environment can be observed accurately, and the device and method can be extensively used in the fields of water quality detection in a high-altitude region, water pollution treatment, cavitation and erosion, teaching and research and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an observation device and method for gas nuclei in a water body under a low-pressure environment, and belongs to the technical fields of water conservancy and hydropower engineering and environmental protection engineering. Background technique [0002] Hydropower development and water environment protection issues in the western plateau area are attracting increasing attention. High-altitude areas are characterized by low air pressure and thin oxygen, which affect the distribution of components in water bodies. Air nucleation is the basic premise of cavitation, and cavitation damage to hydraulic structures caused by cavitation bubble collapse occurs from time to time; at the same time, air nuclei are closely related to water gas content, dissolved oxygen and other indicators. Therefore, high-altitude areas do not When on-site test conditions are available, research on the observation method and device of gas nuclei in low-pres...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the optical observation method of laser interference imaging is mainly used to observe the distribution of air bubbles in the water body, which mainly has the following shortcomings: (1) The observed air bubbles are mixed into the water body through the air compression pump or seeding system, which cannot reflect the natural existence in the water body The distribution of air bubbles is inconsistent with actual engineering applications; (2) The observation device is only suitable for normal pressure environments, and cannot observe the distribution of air bubbles in water bodies in low-pressure environments; (3) After the vacuum box pumps out low pressure under laboratory conditions, the water body components will experience disturbances In the process of rebalancing, supersaturation even occurs, and there are certain difficulties in the collection and identification of gas nuclei. At present, there is no observation method for gas nuclei in a low-pressure environment.

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