Application of a carbon-based catalyst in the catalytic hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrothermal preparation method of a carbon-based catalyst used for the catalytic hydrogenation of paranitrophenol. The hydrothermal preparation method is characterized in that: taking microcrystalline cellulose as a raw material and different non-noble metal compounds as a doping source, conducting high-temperature high-pressure hydrothermal treatment, filtering to obtain a deep brown solid product, respectively washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for a plurality of times to remove an organic matter on the surface of the product, drying, and grinding. An obtained catalyst precursor is put into a tubular calcinatory, and is calcined under the nitrogen atmosphere at the high temperature for a certain period of time to obtain the metal doped carbon-based catalyst with excellent stability. The catalytic efficiency of the carbon-based catalyst on generation of aminophenol through catalytic hydrogenation of the paranitrophenol is explored in a normal-temperature normal-pressure reaction system. The operation process has the main characteristics that: the cellulose, a biomass resource, is utilized, the operation process is environment-friendly and cheap and is easy to get, the catalytic activity of the non-noble metals is neutral, the reaction conditions are mild, an active center and a carbon material are synchronously generated, so that the structure is more stable, the catalytic reaction is conducted under the conditions of normal pressure and normal temperature, and the reaction process is simple to operate.

Description

[0001] Technical field: [0002] The invention relates to the field of preparation of nano catalyst materials, in particular to the application of a carbon-based catalyst in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p-nitrophenol. Background technique: [0003] Aminophenol (PAP) is an important fine organic chemical intermediate, commonly used in the preparation of anesthetics, analgesics, antipyretics, and is widely used in the dye industry, preparation of developers, antioxidants and food additives. Generally, three methods are used to prepare PAP: p-nitrophenol (PNP) is prepared by multi-step iron-acid reduction; nitrobenzene is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation in a strong acid system and electrochemical reduction. But these methods usually take a long time, operate under strict conditions, and involve expensive raw materials. The study also pointed out that various nitrophenol mixtures are the most common organic pollutants in industrial and agricultural wastewater. If v...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] In summary, the preparation method of the catalyst for the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p-nitrophenol that is widely used at present is mainly to directly load the active components on molecular sieves, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and other carriers, and the active components are mostly noble metals. The prepared catalysts have high catalytic activity, but they are often easy to agglomerate and have poor recycling performance. The reaction involves organic reagents or acid-base conditions, which put forward higher requirements for the subsequent treatment of the product.

Some studies gradually use non-precious metals instead of precious metals as active components, which reduces the cost, but the reaction process is complicated and lengthy, and a step of activation treatment is often required before use, which increases the reaction process.

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