Phase-inverted deep-sea flextensional underwater acoustic transducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a phase-inverted deep-sea flextensional transducer, which belongs to the technical fields of ocean exploration and underwater acoustic communication. The phase-inverted deep-sea flextensional transducer includes an IV flextensional transducer, phase-inverted tubes, and a connecting structure. The two phase-inverted tubes are respectively disposed at the two ends of the IV flextensional transducer. The two phase-inverted tubes are connected by the connecting structure at the ends near the IV flextensional transducer. The IV flextensional transducer is fixed between the phase-inverted tubes by the connecting structure. The IV flextensional transducer is provided with an elliptical shell outside and a driving unit inside. The elliptical shell is provided with a transition block in the long-axis direction. The driving unit is composed of piezoelectric ceramic or rare earth giant magnetostrictive material or other active materials. Because of the adoption of half-wavelength phase-inverted tubes, the flextensional transducer can work at low frequency in deep sea, just like the traditional overflow flextensional transducer, and also has the characteristic of high-power and directional emission. The flextensional transducer can be used in fields such as low-frequency active sonar, long-range underwater acoustic communication, and marine environmental monitoring based on acoustic means.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields of ocean detection and underwater acoustic communication, and in particular relates to a phase-inverted deep-sea flexural extensional underwater acoustic transducer. Background technique [0002] Underwater acoustic equipment is an important ocean observation equipment, which uses sound waves to carry information to detect and identify underwater targets. The transducer is a key component of underwater acoustic equipment, which relies on it to exchange electrical and acoustic energy. According to different working conditions, transducers are divided into two categories: transmitting transducers that convert electromagnetic energy into acoustic energy and receiving transducers (or called hydrophones) that convert acoustic energy into electromagnetic energy. The transmitting transducer converts the electromagnetic vibration energy into mechanical vibration energy, thereby pushing the water medium to vibrate,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] However, Type IV flextensional transducers also have inherent disadvantages: they cannot work in deep water

The traditional type IV flextensional transducer is an air-backed structure. The main problem brought about by this is: when placed in a deep water environment, the shell of the transducer bears the hydrostatic pressure pointing inward, and the functional material in the long axis direction (such as piezoelectric ceramic material PZT-8, rare earth material Terfenol-D), the prestress exerted by the recovery force of the flexural shell will be released, which restricts the high-power emission capability of functional materials

However, there is an unavoidable problem in adopting the pressure release scheme of overflow for Type IV flextensional transducers: the sound radiation efficiency is greatly reduced, because: when Type IV flextensional transducers are working with overflow, each radiation The surface is equivalent to a dipole sound source, and the two dipoles are in opposite directions, so its acoustic radiation model can be regarded as longitudinal quadrupole radiation. At low frequencies (ka6 It is directly proportional to the sound radiation efficiency of the longitudinal quadrupole at low frequencies. Once the IV type flextensional transducer uses the overflow form, although the working depth is greatly improved, the radiated sound power will be greatly reduced.

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