GNSS and laser range finding combination measurement system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a GNSS and laser range finding combination measurement system and method when a to-be-positioned point cannot be determined through a GNSS method. The device is low in cost, is portable, and is simple and easy in scheme. The device just needs to provide a distance observation value, and gets rid of the dependence on azimuth and angle observation value. The range can be hundreds of meters, and the device can achieve the quick operation at a plurality of known points. The device can carry out measurement at two points (at least), and finally can obtain the optimal solution to the coordinates of the to-be-positioned point through Least Square and reasonable weighting. The system and method iron out the defects in the prior art, and is good in application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of surveying and mapping, and in particular relates to a measurement system and a measurement method combining GNSS and laser ranging. Background technique [0002] GNSS (Global Satellite Navigation System) is the collective name of various satellite positioning systems such as GPS, GLONASS, and BDS. Due to its all-weather, all-time, wide coverage, and high-precision characteristics, it is currently widely used in the field of surveying and mapping. GNSS measurement includes static and dynamic operation methods; among them, dynamic measurement such as RTK (real-time dynamic measurement) or PPK (post-processing dynamic measurement) mode can achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy. GNSS dynamic survey is usually equipped with a centering pole to achieve rapid centering leveling and movement, which is especially convenient when carrying out cadastral surveying, topographic map surveying and other work. However, if...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The disadvantages of this method are: 1) the total station is relatively bulky and needs to be equipped with a tripod, which is inconvenient to carry; 2) the centering and leveling operation of the total station is time-consuming; 3) the two known points must be in sight, But the distance should not be too close, otherwise the orientation error will be very large; 4) The cost of the total station is relatively high, and the price is usually tens of thousands of yuan

The laser rangefinder that can provide angle observation value is different from the ordinary handheld laser rangefinder. It is essentially a handheld total station, such as TrimbleLaserAce1000, laicaDISTO. The disadvantages are: 1) The built-in gravity sensor (or electronic compass) , gyroscope, MEMS), there is an included angle between the north direction and the north direction of the geographical coordinates (in China, the north direction of the central meridian of the Gaussian projection). Therefore, on-site orientation and correction are required, which greatly weakens its convenience; 2) Even if the system error is eliminated after correction, the central error of north determination still exists, usually greater than ±1°; 3) The angle measurement error is relatively large , which can reach ±0.1° is a top grade; 4) Due to the aforementioned reasons, its positioning accuracy is difficult to reach the centimeter level; 5) The cost is expensive, usually tens of thousands of yuan

In fact, for people in this industry, it only takes a few seconds to level the bubbles of the centering rod, so the cost performance of this kind of equipment is not high. However, this feature can also be used to measure some points that cannot be measured by GNSS, except For the various shortcomings mentioned above (mainly the large azimuth error caused by inaccurate north determination), it should also be noted that the bottom of the centering rod needs to be placed on the point to be fixed, which means that within 1m of the point to be fixed (centering The pole is usually 2m long, calculated according to the inclination angle of 30°) There must be a location with good GNSS observation conditions, otherwise it cannot be measured

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