Farming method of returning straw to the field in the rotation system of flue-cured corn and tobacco

Abstract

In the corn flue-cured tobacco rotation system, the method of returning straw to the field on the spot is suitable for the flue-cured tobacco-corn rotation cropping field that ripens once a year. The corn is cultivated in ridges, and 2 rows of corn are planted in each ridge, and the height of each ridge is 30±2cm. The corn between the two ridges The wide row spacing is 70±5cm, the narrow row spacing between the two rows of corn on each ridge is 50±5cm, and the plant spacing is 25‑30cm; after the corn is harvested, the original ridge and furrow are used without plowing, and the cut straw is directly spread in the furrow Shi returned to the field. Secondly, the microbial fertilizer is spread on the straw, and the soil of the ridge body is poured into the furrow and covered with soil to bury the straw. In the second year, 10-15 days before the flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, spread the flue-cured tobacco base fertilizer in the furrow where the corn stalks are buried. Plowing and gathering ridges, sorting them into ridges to cultivate flue-cured tobacco. The corn stalks and the flue-cured tobacco stalks of the invention are directly applied to the tobacco fields on site, effectively realizing the sustainable development of the tobacco fields.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a farming method for returning straws to the field in a corn-cured-tobacco rotation system. Background technique [0002] Flue-cured tobacco is not resistant to continuous cropping, and crop rotation is often carried out. In my country's mountainous tobacco-growing areas, crop rotation of corn and flue-cured tobacco is the main method. Corn stalks in mountainous areas are often abandoned in cornfields and set on fire in autumn and winter; flue-cured tobacco stalks are generally lost in mountainous areas as waste. It not only wastes straw resources, but also causes environmental pollution. [0003] Flue-cured tobacco is one of the important economic crops in my country, and it is also the main channel for farmers in mountainous areas to increase their income. With the increase in chemical fertilizer application and long-term continuous cropping in tobacco fields, coupled with...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This traditional method has certain defects. First, the burning of corn stalks pollutes the environment; second, the abandonment of tobacco stalks in the tobacco field provides conditions for the growth of tobacco pests; third, the failure of corn stalks and tobacco stalks to return to the field wastes organic fertilizer resources; Fourth, the tobacco field does not receive organic matter and nutrients, and the soil is not improved, but the degradation is more serious; fifth, the soil is rotated or plowed before corn sowing or flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, which wastes labor and increases production costs.

[0007] In the prior art, in the solution with the application number 201510175054.6, the inventor proposed a method for ecological improvement of tobacco planting soil, which also proposed to bury corn stalks or flue-cured tobacco stalks into the field; but the inventor found that it could not completely solve the problem. The problem of complete no-tillage in the crop rotation process of corn and flue-cured tobacco, that is to say, no-tillage is just no-tillage ditch burial of corn stalks or flue-cured tobacco stalks after the harvest of flue-cured tobacco, but then flue-cured tobacco cannot be continuously cropped. Tilling and ridges, not no-tillage, that is to say, only one season of crops is no-tillage, instead of no-tillage in the whole (two-season crops) rotation, this mode is mainly suitable for tobacco fields with less disease and two-year continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco

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