Maize Cultivation Method Ecologically Alleviating High Temperature Heat Damage During Flowering Period

Abstract

The invention discloses a maize planting method for ecologically mitigating flowering-stage high-temperature heat damage. The invention aims at enhancing maize tolerance to flowering-stage high temperature during a growth process, improving the pollination and fruiting rates of varieties with less pollen or higher heat sensitivity, and mitigating the adverse influences of flowering-stage high-temperature heat to maize yield. The method comprises the following steps: (1) seed selection is carried out, wherein maize seeds of two varieties with a consistent growth period and complementary pollen amounts or complementary flowering-stage high-temperature sensitivities are selected; (2) the maize seeds of the two varieties are inter-cropped or mixed-cropped; and irrigation is carried out appropriately according to soil moisture after sowing; (3) field management is carried out; and (4) harvesting is carried out. According to the invention, with the inter-cropping or mixed-cropping technology, a double-variety composite group is established, such that the pollination and fruiting rate of the varieties with less pollen or higher heat sensitivity can be improved, and maize yield loss caused by flowering-stage high temperature can be mitigated. The method is a simple, feasible, ecological and environment-friendly planting method for mitigating maize flowering-stage high-temperature heat damage with a significant effect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a corn cultivation method suitable for ecologically alleviating high temperature and heat damage in the flowering stage in Huanghuaihai summer corn production areas. Background technique [0002] Corn is the largest food crop in my country, and achieving high and stable yields of corn is of great significance to ensuring national food security. Huanghuaihai is the main producing area of ​​summer corn in my country, and its output accounts for about 40% of the country's total output, which plays a pivotal role in ensuring national food security. However, during the growing season of summer maize in Huanghuaihai, high temperature is often encountered at the flowering stage, and with global climate change, it presents a development trend of high frequency, long duration, and severe heat damage, which seriously threatens the safe production of summer maize. Anthesis is the mos...

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Problems solved by technology

Among them, planting high-temperature-resistant varieties is an effective technical way to alleviate high-temperature heat damage in corn flowering, but at present, my country has a vast territory, and the resources of heat-resistant and high-yield varieties suitable for planting in various places are still very limited, and they have great ecological limitations. ; Although it is possible to adjust the sowing date to avoid the high temperature at the flowering stage, in the Huanghuaihai region, the early sowing of summer maize will be limited by the maturity date of the previous crop of wheat, and the delayed sowing date will reduce production due to insufficient effective accumulated temperature during the growth period. Abnormal changes often lead to uncertainty in the period of high temperature; adjusting the row spacing may conflict with the operating parameters of the current agricultural machinery, which is not conducive to mechanized sowing, management and harvesting, thereby greatly increasing production costs; water and fertilizer regulation may increase manpower and fertilizer input and field management costs; artificial pollination not only increases labor costs, but is also difficult to implement in the current rural labor shortage conditions, and there is also a risk of heatstroke in high-temperature environments

Specifically, the current methods of preventing high-temperature heat damage in corn have their own defects: 1. There are limited resources for planting varieties that are both heat-resistant and high-yield; 2. Adjusting the sowing date faces stubble restrictions and the risk of yield reduction in the Huanghuaihai summer corn region; 3. .Adjusting row spacing is difficult to achieve efficient matching with current agricultural machinery; 4. Water and fertilizer regulation will increase production costs; 5. Manual pollination not only increases labor costs, but also does not meet the actual needs of light, simple and efficient cultivation of corn

In addition, some studies have shown that exogenous chemical substances (SA, BA, ABA) and high temperature exercise at the seedling stage can induce or improve the heat tolerance of corn, but no corresponding products or technologies that can be applied to production practice have been developed

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