Method of returning rice straw to field and multiple cropping in paddy and dry crop rotation

Abstract

The invention provides a straw returned to field multiple-cropping method applicable to rice field-upland field rotation. The straw returned to field multiple-cropping method comprises the following steps of harvesting ripe rice through a harvester, smashing straws and laying the straws in the field flatly to dry and decay the straws; not performing plough before winter crop seeding, applying fertilizers, pulling the straws open, and seeding; after seeding, performing furrowing, earthing, fertilizer covering and seed covering through a front-loading furrowing and soil-throwing machine; opening ditches to perform water irrigation, keeping the waterflooding depth of 15cm-20cm, and draining water after waterflooding for 3-5 hours; performing final singling after seedlings of winter crops emerge, and reserving seedling space to be 1cm-30cm; harvesting ripe winter crops, smashing the straws, performing plough to returning the straws to the field, and irrigating to transplant rice seedlings after plough. By means of the straw returned to field multiple-cropping method, the straws are returned to the field in situ, labor intensity is not increased, air pollution caused by straw burning is avoided, seedling emergence quality of the winter crops is improved, and early seedling emergence and high yield of the winter crops are facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for replanting winter crops after rice straw is returned to the field, belonging to the field of agricultural production. Background technique [0002] Rice, rapeseed, wheat and other winter crops are planted in multiple seasons a year, which is an important crop planting system in my country. It is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin, with a planting area of ​​about 13 million hectares. This method of paddy and dry crop rotation can improve the aeration of the soil, increase the number and activity of soil microorganisms, prevent and control diseases and weeds, and increase the rice yield in the second year. It is an important guarantee measure for national food security. At present, the multi-cropping method of flood-drain rotation in the Yangtze River Basin is: harvesting rice in autumn (autumn harvest), ditching the fields, converting paddy fields into dry fields, burning rice straw, rotary plowing and re...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method of crushing and returning rice straw to the field is easy to operate and labor-saving; however, in the process of changing from water to drought (drying the field), the rice straw is dried in the sun, has strong toughness, and is easy to entangle the machine, which affects the quality of the rotary tiller and is not conducive to the emergence of winter crops; At the same time, because the dry rice straw has not been decomposed and returned to the field, it will affect the growth of the root system of the crops, and it is easy to hang the seedlings after the stubble, and it is not recognized by the farmers.

These two methods of returning rice straw to the field are all theoretical and lack of operability, which has led to repeated bans on rice straw burning in the flood-land rotation cropping area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin for many years