Method for increasing seismic imaging resolution ratio

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing a seismic imaging resolution ratio and is applied to reflection seismic data processing in seismic exploration . The method includes that by performing frequency-dependent amplitude recovery and frequency dispersion correction on migration stack data volume, the resolution ratio of imaging is increased integrally, and the imaging resolution ratios of middle and deep structures are enabled to be close to the imaging resolution ratio of a shallow structure; amplitude recovery and frequency dispersion correction are performed based on a viscoelastic theory, but a nonuniform Q value field does not need to be provided in advance; viscous absorption of seismic waves is described by introducing an equivalence Q value, and the nonuniform equivalent Q value field needed for calculation is acquired by establishing a single numerical indicator and by utilizing parameter scanning. Compared with methods like unsteady-state deconvolution, the method has the advantages that high-frequency information is restored while frequency dispersion correction is completed; a stable control algorithm is introduced, so that stability of calculation is guaranteed. By the method, breaking of the middle and deep structures and stratum deposition forms can be indicated better; and the method has important application value for oil-gas and mineral resource exploration.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of reflection seismic data processing in seismic exploration, relates to the technical category of migration imaging in the process of seismic data processing, and is a high-resolution processing method of seismic data capable of improving the resolution of seismic imaging. Background technique [0002] In oil and gas exploration, the identification of small faults and small faults is an important link in understanding the oil and gas dredging system and then identifying favorable reservoirs. Therefore, improving the resolution of seismic imaging has always been an important goal in the processing of reflection seismic data in seismic exploration. [0003] There is viscous absorption in the actual earth medium, and the small-scale inhomogeneity of the earth medium will also produce an amplitude attenuation effect similar to viscous absorption. These objective existences lead to the absorption and attenuatio...

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Problems solved by technology

However, unsteady deconvolution has many difficulties in estimating space-varying unsteady wavelets, and this method generally cannot achieve dispersion correction at the same time; because it is difficult to obtain non-uniform Q values, the current inverse Q filtering method More uniform Q value and layered Q value assumptions are used, which cannot reflect the non-uniform Q value of the actual earth medium, and also limit the viscous compensation effect of inverse Q filtering; stability and noise amplification are the practical application of these two methods Another type of problem encountered

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