Extracting process of swainsonine in astragalus strictus

Abstract

The invention provides an extracting process of swainsonine in astragalus strictus. The extracting process comprises the following steps of: directly crushing by using roots and / or stems of astragalus strictus as materials, adding petroleum ether to form a solution; ultrasonically degreasing the solution after 3-5 hours, and recycling petroleum ether; controlling the moisture content of the ultrasonically degreased materials to 30%-70%; using methanol with concentration of 85%-90% as a solvent, soaking for 0.5 hour-1 hour to carry out microwave extraction for 35 seconds-40 seconds at the microwave output power of 650 W-700W to obtain an extricated solution, wherein the weight volume ratio of the materials to the methanol is 1:45g / ml-50g / ml; evaporating the extracted solution for 25 minutes-30 minutes under the normal pressure at 130 DEG C-140 DEG C, and evaporating for 15 minutes-25 minutes by reducing the pressure to 0.3 MP-0.5MP to obtain a swainsonine pure product. The extracting process of the swainsonine in the astragalus strictus can be used for realizing further improving the extracting efficiency of the swainsonine on the basis of shortening the extracting time.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process for extracting effective ingredients from medicinal plants. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process for extracting swainsonine from astragalus straight stem, which belongs to the field of natural product chemistry. Background technique [0002] Astragalus strictus Grah (Astragalus strictus Grah) is a perennial plant of the legume Astragalus genus. It is distributed throughout Tibet, vertically at an altitude of 2900-4600 meters. The roots are strong and woody. The stem is erect, 15-30 cm high. Astragalus straight-stemmed is damp and cold-resistant, drought-tolerant, and has strong adaptability to saline-alkali soil. In addition, the root system is developed, the number of seeds is large, the fecundity and invasiveness are strong, and a large number of livestock are poisoned every year in its densely growing pastoral areas The death caused serious losses to the local herdsmen and is one of the most ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] 2.1, the traditional percolation method, reflux extraction method, continuous reflux extraction method, etc. are also used, and there are also disadvantages such as low extraction rate of active ingredients, high energy consumption, and long extraction time

[0008] 2.2. The first step of this technology is to extract the total organic components in locoweed powder, which is extracted by repeated cold soaking 4-6 times, and the time of each cold soaking is 7 days. Only this step takes about one month to extract too long

[0011] 3.1, the frequency of ultrasonic degreasing is 30-45KHz, which also belongs to the conventional frequency range, but when this frequency is aimed at the Radix Astragali with petroleum ether, the root of Radix Astragali is strong and woody, which easily affects cavitation, thus Reduce the extraction rate of swainsonine

[0012] 3.2. After adding petroleum ether to the crushed Astragalus membranaceus raw material, perform ultrasonic degreasing immediately. The petroleum ether cannot completely penetrate into the Astragalus membranaceus tissue, which will affect the extraction of active ingredients and reduce the extraction rate of swainsonine

[0013] 3.3. The ultrasonic degreasing temperature is 30-45°C. For Astragalus, the temperature is too high, which is unfavorable to the generation of cavitation, and the buffering effect is enhanced when the bubbles close to weaken the cavitation, which will also reduce the swainsonine. Extraction rate

[0014] 3.4, the whole plant stem straight Astragalus is used. Due to the difference in structure, the ability to absorb microwaves is different, resulting in significant differences in microwave extraction efficiency, which affects the extraction rate of swainsonine

[0015] 3.5. It takes a long time to dry the Radix Astragalus stem outdoors under natural conditions, and reduces the moisture content of Astragalus stem, which leads to poor microwave extraction effect and reduces the extraction rate of swainsonine

[0016] 3.6. The weight-to-volume ratio of the raw material of Astragalus membranaceus and methanol is 1:10-20g / ml, and the mass transfer driving force between the solid and liquid phases is small, which affects the microwave extraction effect

[0018] 4.1, this technology also adopts the traditional decoction method, percolation method, reflux extraction method, continuous reflux extraction method, etc., which also has the disadvantages of low extraction rate of active ingredients, high energy consumption, and long extraction time.

[0019] 4.2, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40KHz, which also belongs to the conventional frequency range. However, when this frequency is aimed at the Astragalus membranaceus with petroleum ether, the root of Astragalus membranaceus is strong and woody, and it is easy to affect cavitation, thus Reduce the extraction rate of swainsonine

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