One-time nitrogen supply and fertilizer application method capable of improving applied nitrogen fertilizer effect of cured tobacco

Abstract

The invention relates to a one-time nitrogen supply and fertilizer application method capable of improving applied nitrogen fertilizer effect of cured tobacco. The method is characterized in that: organic fertilizer decomposed cake fertilizer, decomposed pig manure, inorganic potassium nitrate fertilizer, special compound fertilizer for the cured tobacco and calcium superphosphate are used as base fertilizers; the fertilizers are applied in holes uniformly at the same day of transplanting the cured tobacco, tobacco ridges are covered by using a double-color plastic film, furrows of the tobacco ridges are connected with a drainage ditch, and the nitrogen amount of the organic fertilizer is 55 to 65 percent of the nitrogen amount of the base fertilizers; the nitrogen amount of the inorganic fertilizer is reduced by 45 to 55 percent according to the nitrogen amount of the inorganic fertilizers of the local base fertilizers and additional fertilizers, wherein the nitrogen of the potassium nitrate form accounts for 55 to 63 percent; in 25 to 35 days after the cured tobacco is transplanted, the film is uncovered, soil dressing is performed, and first top dressing is performed by using potassium sulfate and adopting a spraying mode; and second top dressing is performed in 40 to 45 days after transplanting, and third top dressing is performed after topping. In the method, the utilization rate of the cured tobacco nitrogen fertilizer is improved by 30 to 70 percent compared with the traditional fertilizer application, and the agricultural utilization rate of the cured tobacco nitrogen element is improved by 63 to 176 percent compared with the conventional fertilizer application; and the method is suitable for southern high-temperature rainy tobacco regions such as Guangdong and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fertilization method for planting flue-cured tobacco, in particular to a one-time nitrogen-supply fertilization method capable of improving the nitrogen fertilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco. Background technique [0002] Nitrogen is a sensitive element that affects the quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco. Under the conditions of increasingly fierce competition in the flue-cured tobacco market and increasing concerns about smoking and health, strengthening the nitrogen nutrient management of flue-cured tobacco is an important method to improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. In Guangdong and other southern high-temperature and rainy smoke areas, the traditional nitrogen supply model based on basal fertilizer nitrogen does not match the rule that flue-cured tobacco requires less nitrogen during the rooting and clustering stages, which can easily lead to the loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Increasing the a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In Guangdong and other southern high-temperature and rainy smoke areas, the traditional nitrogen supply model based on basal fertilizer nitrogen does not match the rule that flue-cured tobacco requires less nitrogen during the rooting and clustering stages, which can easily lead to the loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Increasing the amount of fertilizer is the key The main technical means to ensure relatively sufficient nitrogen nutrition in flue-cured tobacco at different growth stages

Therefore, Guangdong and other southern tobacco areas have practical production technology problems such as high nitrogen fertilizer application rate and low fertilizer nitrogen utilization rate, resulting in the exchange and leaching of a large amount of base ions such as Ca and Mg in the soil, and the decline of soil nutrient storage function

Excessive nitrogen supply also leads to excessive growth of tobacco plants in the middle and early stages, the lower leaves cannot mature normally, the middle and upper leaves are too large and thick, and the nicotine content is too high, which is extremely unfavorable to the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco

Under the condition of serious nitrogen loss, even if enough base fertilizer is applied, it is necessary to topdress the tobacco several times in the flue-cured tobacco cluster-prosperous-growth-dome stage to balance the nitrogen nutrition of the tobacco plants. The management technology of nitrogen application in tobacco fields is complicated and greatly affected by climate factors , which not only increases the cost of growing tobacco, but also has the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately grasp the appropriate nitrogen-based follow-up ratio and nitrogen supply amount of flue-cured tobacco

Images