Method for selecting crop varieties with low heavy metal accumulation

Abstract

The invention relates to a safe crop production technique in the polluted environment, in particular to a method for selecting crop varieties with low heavy metal accumulation. A crop is cultured in heavy metal-processed soil by way of pot experiment, the temperature is 5 DEG C to 40 DEG C, the soil moisture content is 40 percent to 90 percent of the field moisture capacity, the crop is cultured under the natural light for 50 to 170 days, plants are harvested, and the heavy metal content of edible parts is measured; the selected crop seeds, the edible parts of which have the heavy metal content lower than 30 percent of the heavy metal content of the edible parts of the conventional crop variety, are directly dibbled in the polluted field soil, three to six seeds are planted in each hole, the distance between holes is 10cm to 60cm, the distance between ridges is 10cm to 60cm, ripened plants are harvested, the heavy metal content of edible parts is measured, and if both the heavy metal enrichment coefficient and heavy metal transfer coefficient of the crop are less than 1.0, the crop is a crop with low heavy metal accumulation. The invention has the advantages of economy, high economic safety, high applicability and simple use method.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to crop safety production technology that pollutes the environment, in particular to a method for screening crop varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's industry and agriculture, especially the vigorous development of mining, metallurgy, and transportation industries, as well as the application of heavy metal-containing fertilizers and pesticides, soil heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious. According to reports, as many as 20 million hectares of arable land are polluted by heavy metals in the country, and as many as 12 billion kilograms of grains are produced every year, which greatly damages the sustainable development of my country's rural areas and poses a great threat to people's health and safety ( Document 1: Zhu Yinmei, Zhou Qixing. Soil pollution and the current situation, theory and prospect of agricultural environmental prote...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These physical and chemical treatment technologies have their own advantages. Although they have great effects in the treatment of small-scale polluted soil and serious sudden pollution accidents, and the treatment period is short, there are generally problems such as high price, large engineering volume and easy to cause secondary pollution. It is generally difficult to apply it in the remediation and treatment of large-scale and lightly polluted soil.

[0006] Compared with these traditional treatment technologies, phytoremediation, as an emerging in-situ green restoration technology, has the advantages of low cost, no damage to the environment, and easy acceptance by people, and has gradually become a research and application hotspot in the field of environmental science. 3: Zhou Qixing, Song Yufang. Principles and Methods of Contaminated Soil Remediation [M] Beijing: Science Press, 2004. However, phytoremediation also has the following disadvantages: hyperaccumulated plant biomass is small and has obvious geographical distribution, and the remediation cycle is too long It usually takes hundreds of years, and it is still difficult to promote in practice (Document 4: Liu Weitao, Zhang Yinlong, Chen Zhemin, etc. Absorption and distribution of lead and zinc by green trees in mining areas [J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(4 ): 752~756.)

However, for the screening research of crops with low accumulation of heavy metals, a set of scientific standards and methods have not been formed in the academic circles at home and abroad, and there are still some controversies.

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