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Alloy catalyst compositions and processes for making and using same

A composition and electrocatalyst technology, applied in the field of preparation and use of such compositions, alloy catalyst compositions, can solve the problems of reduced total activity, undesired agglomeration of alloy particles, unevenness between alloy particles and particles, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-03-25
CABOT CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] Undesirably, all of these methods of forming alloyed catalysts require multiple sequential impregnation / reduction steps in order to achieve the degree of alloying and long-term stability required for the strongly acidic conditions present in phosphoric acid and polymer electrolyte fuel cells and high temperature processing steps, which lead to undesired agglomeration of alloy particles
In addition, due to the utilization of multiple preparation steps, the formed alloy particles are substantially inhomogeneous from particle to particle, resulting in a reduction in overall activity

Method used

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  • Alloy catalyst compositions and processes for making and using same
  • Alloy catalyst compositions and processes for making and using same
  • Alloy catalyst compositions and processes for making and using same

Examples

Experimental program
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Embodiment 1-15

[0380] Synthesis of Pt-Co-Cu Alloy Nanoparticles on Carbon Matrix Particles

[0381] In Examples 1-15, electrocatalyst particles comprising platinum, cobalt and copper alloy nanoparticles disposed on a carbon matrix were synthesized according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0382] Specifically, 1.02 g of tetraammineplatinum nitrate, 0.64 g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, and 1.3 g of 5 / 2 hydrated copper nitrate were dissolved in 80 ml of distilled water, and then 18.2 g of 22% by weight Vulcan TM A carbon suspension of XC72R (available from Cabot Corporation) was added to the water. The resulting mixture is converted into an aerosol by means of an ultrasonic spray nozzle using air as a carrier gas in a spray conversion device such as a horizontal tubular reactor or a spray dryer. Aerosols were processed in a horizontal tube furnace set at a temperature of about 550°C, or alternatively produced on a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of about 580°C. obtained with ...

Embodiment 16-30

[0389] Synthesis of Pt-Co-Fe Alloy Nanoparticles on Carbon Matrix Particles

[0390] In Examples 16-30, electrocatalyst particles comprising platinum, cobalt and iron alloy nanoparticles disposed on a carbon matrix were synthesized according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0391] Specifically, 1.54 g of tetraammineplatinum nitrate, 0.58 g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and 0.34 g of ferric acetate were dissolved in 80 ml of distilled water, and then 18.2 g of 22% by weight Vulcan TM A carbon suspension of XC72R (available from Cabot Corporation) was added to the water. The resulting mixture is converted into an aerosol by means of an ultrasonic spray nozzle using air as a carrier gas in a spray conversion device such as a horizontal tubular reactor or a spray dryer. Aerosols were processed in a horizontal tube furnace set at a temperature of about 550°C or in a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of about 580°C. The composition obtained is 20% Pt 25 co 37 Fe 3...

Embodiment 31-45

[0398] Synthesis of Pt-Fe-Cu Alloy Nanoparticles on Carbon Matrix Particles

[0399] In Examples 31-45, electrocatalyst particles comprising platinum, iron and copper alloy nanoparticles disposed on a carbon substrate were synthesized according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0400] Specifically, 1.53 g of tetraammineplatinum nitrate, 0.34 g of iron acetate and 0.45 g of 5 / 2 hydrated copper nitrate were dissolved in 80 ml of distilled water, and then 18.2 g of 22% by weight Vulcan TM A carbon suspension of XC72R (available from Cabot Corporation) was added to the water. The resulting mixture is converted into an aerosol by means of an ultrasonic spray nozzle using air as a carrier gas in a spray conversion device such as a horizontal tubular reactor or a spray dryer. Aerosols were processed in a horizontal tube furnace set at a temperature of about 550°C or in a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of about 580°C. The composition obtained is 20% Pt 25 Fe 21 Cu ...

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Abstract

Composite particles comprising inorganic nanoparticles disposed on a substrate particle and processes for making and using same. A flowing aerosol is generated that includes droplets of a precursor medium dispersed in a gas phase. The precursor medium contains a liquid vehicle and at least one precursor. At least a portion of the liquid vehicle is removed from the droplets of precursor medium under conditions effective to convert the precursor to the nanoparticles on the substrate and form the composite particles.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to catalyst compositions. More specifically, the present invention relates to alloy catalyst compositions, and methods of making and using such compositions. [0002] Statement Regarding Federally Sponsored Research or Development [0003] This invention was made with US Government support under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC0402AL6762 awarded by the US Department of Energy. Background technique [0004] A fuel cell is an electrochemical device in which energy from chemical reactions is converted into direct current. During operation of the fuel cell, a continuous flow of fuel such as hydrogen (or liquid fuel such as methanol) is supplied to the anode while a continuous flow of oxidant such as air is supplied to the cathode. Through the action of the catalyst, the fuel is oxidized at the anode, resulting in the release of electrons. These electrons are then conducted via an external load to the cathode, where the oxid...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/92H01M4/88H01M8/10
CPCH01M4/9016H01M4/8828H01M2008/1095H01M4/926Y02E60/523H01M4/8807H01M8/1009H01M4/921H01M8/1004Y02E60/50B01J23/42B01J23/72B01J23/75B01J23/755
Inventor 保利纳·阿塔纳索瓦里姆普尔·巴蒂亚孙轶鹏马克·H·汉普登-史密斯詹姆斯·H·布鲁斯特保罗·纳波利塔诺
Owner CABOT CORP
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