The invention relates to a building with a multifunctional reel-off device. The multifunctional reel-off device comprises a motor, a coiling block or a rotary shaft and a descent control device. The motor can drive the coiling block or the rotary shaft to rotate through a transmission mechanism, a circular ring sleeves the coiling block or the rotary shaft and can rotate around the coiling block or the rotary shaft, a barrier surface is arranged on the circular ring, a barrier piece is arranged on the coiling block or the rotary shaft, the descent control device is arranged on the circular ring, a slow descent rope of the descent control device extends out of the descent control device and winds the coiling block or the rotary shaft, extends out of the coiling block or the rotary shaft, and is connected to a counter weight, the multifunctional reel-off device is connected to a section of a control cable or a control pull rope, and the control cable or the control pull rope extends downward to the lower side or the outer side of the building to be used.