Downhole coal seam pulse detonation wave directional fracturing permeability-increasing method

Abstract

A method for permeability improvement for a downhole coal seam by directional fracturing with pulsed detonation waves, which is applicable to gas control in coal seam areas with high gas concentration and low air permeability. The permeability improvement method is as follows: first, drilling a pulsed detonation borehole and pulsed detonation guide boreholes from a coal roadway to a coal seam respectively; then, pushing a positive electrode connected to a positive output side of an explosion-proof high-voltage electrical pulse generator to the bottom of the pulsed detonation borehole and pushing a negative electrode connected to a negative output side of the explosion-proof high-voltage electrical pulse generator to the bottom of the pulsed detonation guide borehole; connecting the pulsed detonation borehole and the pulsed detonation guide boreholes to an extraction pipeline for gas extraction, after electrical pulsed detonation fracturing for the coal seam is carried out. The method disclosed in the present invention utilizes the high instantaneous energy provided by electrical pulsed detonation waves to fracture a coal mass, so as to form a fissure network in the coal mass between the pulsed detonation borehole and the pulsed detonation guide boreholes; thus, the air permeability coefficient of the coal mass can be increased by 200-400 times, the effective influence scope of gas extraction of a single borehole for gas extraction can be enlarged by 3-4 times, the extracted gas volume from the borehole can be increased by 3-8 times, and the coal seam gas pre-extraction time can be shortened effectively.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to a method for permeability improvement for a downhole coal seam by directional fracturing with pulsed detonation waves, which is especially applicable to gas control in coal seam areas with high gas concentration and low air permeability, for the purpose of improving the gas extraction efficiency in a borehole and realize quick elimination of gas outburst in the coal seam.BACKGROUND ART[0002]Gas extraction is a major measure for solving a gas gush problem and preventing gas outburst in the mining process of a coal seam with high gas concentration and low air permeability. However, owing to the low air permeability of coal seams with high gas concentration and low air permeability, it is difficult to carry out gas extraction in the conventional way and the gas extraction effect is poor; hence, technical measures for pressure relief and permeability improvement are required. Coal seam fracturing and permeability improvement t...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014]The method provided in the present invention utilizes pulsed detonation waves based on physical discharging for fracturing and permeability improvement for a downhole in a coal mine, arranges four pulsed detonation guide boreholes around a pulsed detonation borehole at equidistance, utilizes the characteristics of high instantaneous energy and strong destructive power of pulsed detonation waves to fracture the coal mass between the pulsed detonation borehole and the pulsed detonation guide boreholes and form networked fissures in the space, so as to improve the air permeability in the coal mass. By applying the technique of directional fracturing and permeability improvement utilizing pulsed detonation waves, the effective influence scope of gas extraction of a single borehole can be enlarged by 3-4 times, the air permeability coefficient in the coal mass around the borehole can be improved by 200-400 times, and the extracted gas volume can be increased by 3-8 times; thus, the pre-extraction time is effectively shortened, and valuable time and safety guarantee are provided for safe and efficient mining in the coal mine. The method is simple and easy to operate, and has extensive practicability in the technical field.

Problems solved by technology

However, owing to the low air permeability of coal seams with high gas concentration and low air permeability, it is difficult to carry out gas extraction in the conventional way and the gas extraction effect is poor; hence, technical measures for pressure relief and permeability improvement are required.

However, most of the existing techniques have drawbacks such as complex process, high construction workload, high cost, and limited range of application, etc.

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