A device and method for cracking heavy oil into coke by catalyzing clay minerals

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of petroleum development, and discloses a device for cracking heavy oil into coke by catalyzing clay minerals, which includes a sample preparation system, a separation system, an injection system, an experimental model system, a temperature control system, a pressure control system, an analysis system and a PC. Terminal; the experimental model system is connected with the sample preparation system, separation system, injection system, temperature control system, pressure control system and analysis system, the separation system is connected with the sample preparation system and analysis system, the sample preparation system is connected with the injection system, and the injection system , the temperature control system and the pressure control system are connected to the PC terminal; the invention also discloses the above-mentioned method of using clay minerals to catalyze heavy oil cracking into coke. The present invention is used to simulate and analyze the cracking and coking of heavy oil catalyzed by clay minerals under reservoir conditions, ensuring the accuracy and representativeness of cracking reaction results, and comprehensively and scientifically analyzing clay minerals, heavy oil and their four components interaction between.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum development, and in particular relates to a device and method for cracking heavy oil into coke by catalyzing clay minerals. Background technique [0002] With the depletion of conventional oil resources, the gap between the supply and demand of crude oil is increasing. Therefore, in the face of huge energy demand, due to the abundant reserves of unconventional crude oil resources such as heavy oil, the distribution is concentrated, and the mining technology is becoming more and more mature, people begin to pay more attention to very standard crude oil. According to the statistics of the International Energy Agency, in 2017, heavy oil and natural bitumen resources accounted for more than 70% of the world's remaining crude oil resources, of which heavy oil accounted for 15%, super heavy oil accounted for 25%, and natural bitumen accounted for 30%. China is very rich in heavy oil resources. At present, near...

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Problems solved by technology

If the amount of coke produced during the burning process is insufficient, it will affect the forward extension and expansion of the fire flooding front, and even cause the fire front to stall, and the fire flooding project will fail. At the same time, the deposited coke will cause reservoir damage and affect the oil displacement efficiency and ultimate recovery

[0004] At present, in China, there is no mature and complete set of experimental devices and processing methods to study the mechanism of action of clay minerals on the thermal cracking reaction of heavy oil under reservoir conditions and the law of influence on the properties of coke. The traditional method is to use thermal analysis instruments. To study the change law of exothermic properties and activation energy, but the current method with the help of thermal analysis instruments has some shortcomings: first, the amount of experimental samples is small, the process of mixing crude oil and clay minerals is highly demanding, and the error of the experiment is relatively large; secondly, the experiment The detection pressure cannot be controlled during the process, and the reaction conditions of clay minerals and heavy oil under reservoir conditions cannot be well simulated, so the experimental results are not good and the experimental results are inaccurate; finally, the amount of coke generated by the reaction is small, and coke cannot be further processed However, the physical model has not been used to explore the interaction between clay minerals and crude oil and the characteristics of coke formation under reservoir conditions. Therefore, the analysis of the interaction between clay minerals and crude oil is not comprehensive, which increases the experimental error.

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