Application of Semiconductor Composite Materials Modified by Fullerene Derivatives in Photocatalytic Degradation of Formaldehyde

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photocatalysis, further to an application of a fullerene derivative modified semiconductor composite material in photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde. The fullerene derivative comprises at least one of fullerene aminated derivative, a fullerene carboxylated derivative and a fullerene hydroxylated derivate. A semiconductor body of the composite material comprises at least one of bismuth tungstate, titanium dioxide, bismuth vanadate, zinc oxide and stannic oxide. The composite material is stable in structure in a process of photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde, can be used repeatedly, is excellent in formaldehyde degrading performance and low in cost, and is free of secondary pollution.

Description

Technical field[0001]The invention relates to the field of photocatalysis, and further relates to the application of a fullerene derivative-modified semiconductor composite material in the photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde.Background technique[0002]With the improvement of people's living standards, the decoration of houses and rooms is increasing, and the organic gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and other materials released from the coatings, paints, foam fillers and other materials used in these decorations have caused serious indoor air pollution. , Can cause great harm to human body. Among these, the most common is formaldehyde pollution, which often exceeds the standard. Formaldehyde is recognized as a potential carcinogen in the world, and low concentrations of formaldehyde can cause chronic respiratory diseases, leukemia, and asthma. Therefore, the effective removal of formaldehyde and other harmful gases has become an important part of today's environment...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] 1. Activated carbon absorbs formaldehyde gas. Activated carbon has a certain adsorption capacity for formaldehyde, but when the adsorption capacity is saturated, activated carbon not only cannot absorb additional formaldehyde, but the previously adsorbed formaldehyde may also be released again

[0005] 2. Nano-scale titanium dioxide (photocatalyst) degrades formaldehyde. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, it will produce photocatalysis and can degrade formaldehyde. However, there are some key constraints in its application. First, the utilization rate of solar energy is low. Its light absorption wavelength is mainly concentrated in the ultraviolet region (λ3 , the degradation rate of low-concentration pollutants is slow; the third is that due to the high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers, the quantum efficiency is low, and it is difficult to treat large quantities and high concentrations of wastewater and waste gas

[0006] 3. Titanium dioxide physically adsorbs pigments or dyes as a photocatalyst to degrade formaldehyde, but the way titanium dioxide loads pigments or dyes in this material is usually physical adsorption, so it is not stable enough. If it is used many times, the pigments or dyes loaded on titanium dioxide will be detached , so that the remaining titanium dioxide has a low utilization rate of sunlight

[0007] 4. A photocatalyst that combines titanium dioxide with a surface photosensitizer can degrade formaldehyde. Surface photosensitization can expand the absorption wavelength range of titanium dioxide and improve the utilization efficiency of visible light. The continuous consumption due to the adsorption competition among them limits the development of photosensitization, and further research is needed.

[0008] 5. The application of the composite of titanium dioxide and precious metals in photocatalytic formaldehyde, but because the precious metals are rare and expensive, the cost of the catalyst is high, and the coating technology of the powder catalyst is difficult, and there are still falling off during the preparation of the integral catalytic module. problems, there are certain obstacles in the practical application of this technology

[0009] 6. Change the energy level structure of titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst by doping to expand its spectral absorption range, but the doping of titanium dioxide can easily cause lattice defects in titanium dioxide, resulting in changes in the unit cell constant, thereby affecting the stability of the catalyst. In addition, the research on the doping modification of titanium dioxide is blind, and the mechanism of doping needs to be further studied.

[0012] However, the application of semiconductor composite materials modified by fullerene derivatives in the treatment of formaldehyde pollution is still very little

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