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A method for harmless and resourceful treatment of waste aluminum electrolyte

A technology of aluminum electrolyte and treatment method, which is applied in the direction of aluminum fluoride, aluminum halide, alkali metal chloride, etc., can solve the problem of resource utilization of waste aluminum electrolyte that cannot be processed with fluoride salt, and achieves cheap price, single process, and reduced cost effect

Active Publication Date: 2019-09-24
NORTHEASTERN UNIV LIAONING
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot process and recycle waste aluminum electrolytes based on cryolite fluoride salts, the present invention provides a harmless recycling technology for waste aluminum electrolytes to transform waste aluminum electrolytes into aluminum fluoride And get the by-product sodium salt for resource reuse

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] Take 50g of waste aluminum electrolyte (molecular ratio 2.5) from a factory, crush and sieve to obtain aluminum electrolyte particles with a particle size of less than 100 mesh, take 200ml of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, heat it in a beaker and use electromagnetic stirring, use a pH meter and fluoride ion selective electrode to monitor the change of acidity and fluoride ion concentration during the neutralization process. The leaching temperature is 80°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the pH value is 2.5, and the leaching time is 3 hours. Add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 70°C, the pH value is reduced to 1, and the fluoride ion concentration of the solution is controlled. When the fluoride ion concentration is lower than 0.01g / L, the solution is filtered, and the filter residue is washed. Dry to obtain the basic aluminum fluoride product. The filtrate is adjusted and sent to the leaching process for recycling.

Embodiment 2

[0028] Take 5000g of waste aluminum electrolyte (molecular ratio 2.3) from a factory, crush and sieve to obtain aluminum electrolyte particles with a particle size below 50 mesh, take 15L of 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, put it into a reaction vessel, heat and stir, and use a pH meter and A fluoride ion selective electrode monitors changes in acidity and fluoride ion concentration during the neutralization process. The leaching temperature is 50°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the pH value is 4, and the leaching time is 4 hours. Add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluorine precipitation, the temperature is 90°C, the pH value is reduced to 0.5, and the fluoride ion concentration of the solution is controlled. When the fluoride ion concentration is lower than 0.01g / L, the solution is filtered, and the filter residue is washed. Dry to obtain the basic aluminum fluoride product. The filtrate is adjusted and sent to the leaching process for recycling.

Embodiment 3

[0030] Take 50kg of waste aluminum electrolyte (molecular ratio 2.6) from a factory, crush and sieve to obtain aluminum electrolyte particles with a particle size below 50 mesh, take 400L 1mol / L sulfuric acid solution, heat and stir in a reaction vessel, use a pH meter and A fluoride ion selective electrode monitors changes in acidity and fluoride ion concentration during the neutralization process. The leaching temperature is 30°C, the stirring speed is 300r / min, the pH value is 4.5, and the leaching time is 5 hours. Add 1mol / L aluminum sulfate solution for fluoride precipitation, the temperature is 85°C, the pH value is reduced to 1, and the fluoride ion concentration of the solution is controlled. When the fluoride ion concentration is lower than 0.01g / L, the solution is filtered, and the filter residue is washed. Dry to obtain the basic aluminum fluoride product. The filtrate is adjusted and sent to the leaching process for recycling.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a harmlessness and reclamation treatment method of aluminum scrap electrolyte and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. The method comprises the main steps that 1, aluminum scraps are electrolyzed and subjected to crushing and screening, and aluminum electrolyte particles are obtained; 2, acid liquor with the concentration of 1 mol / L and an aluminum salt solution with the concentration of 1 mol / L are prepared for standby application; 3, the aluminum electrolyte particles obtained in the step 1 are placed in the acid liquor prepared in the step 2 and leached on the heating and stirring conditions, the PH of the solution is controlled to be smaller than 5, when the fluorinion leaching rate is higher than 94%, leaching is finished, impurities are filtered, and a leaching solution is obtained; 4, the aluminum salt solution prepared in the step 2 is added to the leaching solution in the step 3, the mixture is heated and stirred, Al3+ / Na+ is controlled to be larger than 0.3, when sediment is generated in the solution, the solution is filtered, filter residues and filter liquor are obtained, and the filter residues are washed and dried to obtain alkali type aluminum fluoride products; and 5, the filter liquor in the step 4 is evaporated and crystallized to obtain sodium salt products.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for harmless and resourceful treatment of waste aluminum electrolytes, in particular to a method for transforming cryolite-based fluoride salts in waste aluminum electrolytes by using an acidic aluminum-containing solution, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemistry. Background technique [0002] The division of the pH of the aluminum electrolyte is based on the composition of cryolite (3NaF·AIF 3 ) as the boundary. have excess AIF 3 When there is an excess of 3NaF, it is called an alkaline aluminum electrolyte; when it is composed of cryolite, it is called a neutral aluminum electrolyte. [0003] At present, the electrolytic production of aluminum in various countries all over the world uses acidic aluminum electrolyte, so there is only a problem of how to express its acidity. NaF and AIF in aluminum electrolyte 3 The ratio of the number of molecules, called the cryolite ratio, commonly known as the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C25C3/18C01F7/50C01D5/02C01D9/04C01D3/04
CPCC01D3/04C01D5/02C01D9/04C01F7/50C22B7/007C25C3/18Y02P10/20
Inventor 王兆文陶文举杨酉坚
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV LIAONING
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