Experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration

Abstract

The invention discloses an experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration, relates to a Young modulus measuring device and method, and aims to solve the problems that in the conventional university physical experiments, the experiment principle for measuring metal wire Young modulus is single and abstract, and the telescope is hard to adjust. The experiment device comprises a crossbeam, which is arranged on the upper end of a support; a platform is arranged on the middle of the support; an upper clamping head and a force sensitive sensor are arranged on the middle of the crossbeam; two ends of a metal wire are respectively connected to the force sensitive sensor and a lower clamping head, and the lower clamping head is connected to an iron block. A scale is arranged on a scale base, a laser device and a photoelectrical sensor that is connected to an intelligent photoelectrical timer are arranged on the scale. According to the method, the period of simple harmonic vibration of optical spot that is formed on the scale and is generated by reflecting laser beams emitted by the laser device by a plane mirror of an optical lever is measured so as to obtain the period (T) of simple harmonic vibration of a metal wire spring vibrator, and the period (T) is substituted into a formula to calculate the metal wire Young modulus. The provided device and method are suitable for measuring metal wire Young modulus.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a university physics experiment, in particular to an experimental device and method for measuring the Young's modulus of a metal wire based on simple harmonic vibration. Background technique [0002] The change in shape of a solid under the action of an external force is called deformation. It can be divided into elastic deformation and normative deformation. The deformation that an object can completely return to its original shape after the external force is removed is called elastic deformation. If the external force applied to the object is too large, so that after the external force is removed, the object cannot completely return to its original shape, leaving residual deformation, which is called normative deformation. In this experiment, only elastic deformation is studied. Therefore, the magnitude of the external force should be controlled to ensure that the object can return to its original shape after the external ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] First, the Young's modulus of metal wire is usually measured by static stretching method, and the principle is relatively simple

[0006] Second, according to the optical lever amplification principle, the tiny elongation of the metal wire is measured through the amplification system composed of optical levers, telescopes and rulers. Although the method is ingenious, the principle is abstract and difficult to understand. The adjustment of the telescope is relatively difficult. Notes There are many, and it is very easy to get tired and make mistakes in the data, which will affect the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0007] Third, weights are generally used to apply tension to the wire, and the nominal mass of the weights is used to calculate the tension inaccurately, thus affecting the accuracy of the experimental results

[0008] Fourth, the plane mirror of the optical lever is generally made of glass, which is easily damaged during the experiment

[0009] Fifth, the scale illuminator generally adopts a small straight tube fluorescent lamp, the brightness is not easy to adjust, and it is easy to be damaged, and because there is a capacitor in the power supply device, if it is not discharged in time after use, the experimenter will be easily shocked by electric shock

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