A measuring point spatial displacement measuring device and method based on ultrasonic principle

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasonic wave principle-based measuring point spatial displacement measurement device and method, in particular, a non-contact displacement measuring device and method which are used in building structure fire resistance tests. Based on the transmitting and receiving of ultrasonic wave signals, through a special wave velocity measurement device, the acquisition of measuring point spatial displacement related data can be realized; and a computer calculates the acquired data according to a spatial coordinate solving formula and a wave velocity calculation formula so as to obtain the spatial coordinates and spatial displacement of a measuring point. With the measurement device and method adopted, breakthroughs are made in a current physical contact-based single-dimension measurement mode, non-contact three-dimension spatial displacement measurement with no requirements for an obstacle-free condition can be realized. The device and method are of great innovation significance and practical value in displacement measurement of building structure fire resistance tests. The device has the advantages of stable structure and clear principle; and the calculation method has the advantages of simplicity, high feasibility and high operability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a measuring point spatial displacement measuring device and method based on the ultrasonic principle, in particular to a non-contact displacement measuring device and method used in building structure fire resistance tests. Background technique [0002] The existing measurement point displacement acquisition method generally uses a pull wire or a pull rod displacement sensor, which is connected to the measurement point through a steel wire rope or a rigid connection, and performs single-dimensional measurement of the displacement of the measurement point; even if multiple displacement sensors and spatial displacement calculations are used The method realizes the displacement measurement in three-dimensional space, and the direct physical connection between the measuring point and the displacement sensor cannot be avoided. However, laser distance measurement and other methods can be used for non-contact measurement, but there is...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] The existing measurement point displacement acquisition method generally uses a pull wire or a pull rod displacement sensor, which is connected to the measurement point through a steel wire rope or a rigid connection, and performs single-dimensional measurement of the displacement of the measurement point; even if multiple displacement sensors and spatial displacement calculations are used The method realizes the displacement measurement in three-dimensional space, and the direct physical connection between the measuring point and the displacement sensor cannot be avoided.

However, using methods such as laser distance measurement, although non-contact measurement can be used, it is required that there is no occlusion between the measuring point and the measuring instrument.

For fire resistance tests of building structures, it is often necessary to test the internal displacement of the structure, or the entire structure is placed in a sealed high-temperature test device for testing. At this time, the displacement sensor and the measuring point cannot be connected through physical connections such as steel wire ropes; and laser ranging cannot be used. Penetrating barriers, so the current displacement measurement method cannot meet the requirements of the building structure fire test; especially with the Ministry of Public Security's key project undertaken by the Tianjin Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, the world's largest "combined fire resistance test of building structures" currently under construction device" is about to be completed, there is an urgent need for a non-contact displacement measurement method

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