A method and device for amplitude compensation of two-dimensional post-stack seismic data

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-dimension superposed seismic data amplitude compensation method and device. The method comprises the steps that time-domain seismic wavelets and a seismic effective frequency band range are extracted from two-dimension superposed seismic data, and time-domain well drilling reflection coefficients of a seismic data amplitude weakening area are determined; convolution is conducted on the time-domain seismic wavelets and the time-domain well drilling reflection coefficients, and a time-domain well drilling synthetic seismogram channel is obtained; a time-domain well side seismic channel in the two-dimension superposed seismic data is transformed to obtain well side seismic channel amplitude spectrums, and the time-domain well drilling synthetic seismogram channel is transformed to obtain well drilling synthetic seismogram channel amplitude spectrums; the well side seismic channel amplitude spectrums and the well drilling synthetic seismogram channel amplitude spectrums are used for obtaining amplitude compensation factors within the seismic effective frequency band range; the boundary of the amplitude weakening area in the two-dimension superposed seismic data is obtained; amplitude compensation is conducted on the two-dimension superposed seismic data through the amplitude compensation factors within the seismic effective frequency band range and the boundary of the amplitude weakening area in the two-dimension superposed seismic data.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of post-stack seismic data processing, in particular to a two-dimensional post-stack seismic data amplitude compensation method and device. Background technique [0002] With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration at home and abroad, the comprehensive geological interpretation method using seismic data as the main interpretation platform has been widely used, which also puts forward higher requirements for the imaging quality of post-stack seismic data. [0003] In the current oil and gas exploration process, the seismic interpretation work is still based on the two-dimensional interpretation of post-stack seismic data. Due to the influence of some special lithologic bodies with high wave impedance such as igneous rocks and carbonate rocks, the seismic reflection characteristics of the underlying strata are distorted. In particular, the amplitude attenuation is serious, and the imaging quality d...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the current oil and gas exploration process, the seismic interpretation work is still based on the two-dimensional interpretation of post-stack seismic data. Due to the influence of some special lithologic bodies with high wave impedance such as igneous rocks and carbonate rocks, the seismic reflection characteristics of the underlying strata are distorted. In particular, the amplitude attenuation is severe, and the imaging quality deteriorates, which has a serious impact on 2D structural interpretation, horizon tracking, and wave impedance inversion.

For the abnormal attenuation of the amplitude of the underlying formation caused by special lithological bodies in post-stack seismic data, although the existing pre-stack seismic data imaging processing technology can perform corresponding processing to improve the imaging quality, in some areas, these special The scale and distribution of lithologic bodies are irregular. In view of the workload and cost of pre-stack seismic data imaging processing technology, this technology cannot be processed for every special lithologic body, resulting in some special lithologic bodies being different from each other. The abnormal amplitude attenuation of the underlying strata still exists; however, no method has been proposed to deal with the abnormal amplitude attenuation of the underlying strata caused by special lithology based on post-stack seismic data.

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