Separation and dehydration device and process of river and reservoir sediment

Abstract

The invention discloses separation and dehydration device and process of river and reservoir sediment. The separation and dehydration device comprises an organic matter separation device and a sediment dehydration device, wherein the sediment dehydration device comprises a centrifugal separation device, a sediment separating bucket and a filter press. According to the separation and dehydration device and process, the river and reservoir sediment is effectively separated by virtue of the organic matter separation device; the separated organic matters are collected and transported to a methane tank or are used for preparation of organic fertilizers; the separated sediment is sequentially subjected to centrifugal separation, flocculent precipitation and filter-press concentration through the centrifugal separation device, the sediment separating bucket and the filter press, thus completing dehydration; the finally formed filter cake contains a little of moisture, so that the filter cake is convenient to store and small in floor area, farmland occupied during the sediment treatment is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the sediment loss is effectively avoided. In addition, the separation and dehydration device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and simple and convenient to operate and can run continuously.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a sorting and dewatering device for sediment in rivers and reservoirs, and a process for sorting and dehydrating sediment in rivers and reservoirs using the sorting and dewatering device. Background technique [0002] my country has a vast area and many rivers with many sediments, and the problem of sedimentation in rivers and reservoirs is very serious. River sedimentation brings many hazards: (1) bank erosion and shoreline shifting back, endangering the safety of residential buildings (structures) on the bank, as well as public facilities such as transportation, energy, farmland, and water conservancy; (2) riverbed silting Shallow, flood discharge and flood discharge capacity decline, affecting shipping and causing flooding; (3) estuary siltation causes serious degradation of harbor functions, affecting the sustainable development of port cities. In addition, the problem of sedimentation in reservoirs is also very prominent....

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the above three mechanical dredging processes all have disadvantages: the first dredging process is not suitable for deep water operations, and has large operational limitations; the second dredging method is inefficient and will cause aggravation of downstream sediment deposition, which cannot Fundamentally solve the problem; the third method of dredging is poor in operability, and will occupy a large amount of land when cleaning the sediment. At the same time, because the sludge contains a lot of water, it is easy to cause sediment loss, which seriously threatens the property and safety of the people.

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