Method and device for exploiting natural gas hydrate in frozen soil area through injection of high-temperature steam

Abstract

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) is a non-stoichiometry type similarly-icy cage type crystal compound which is formed by hydrocarbon, with low molecular weight, of water and natural gas under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure. With the economic development, the demand for energy sources of people is gradually increased, and the difficulty and the cost of coal exploitation and petroleum exploitation are gradually increased. In addition, the value of the natural gas hydrate which is large in content and serves as an effective alternative energy source stands out gradually. The invention provides a method and device for exploiting the natural gas hydrate in a frozen soil area through injection of high-temperature steam. The principle of the device for exploiting the natural gas hydrate in the frozen soil area through injection of the high-temperature steam is that through injection of the high-temperature steam into a natural gas hydrate layer, the temperature of the natural gas hydrate rises, so that the purpose of decomposition of the natural gas hydrate is achieved. In addition, due to the fact that the steam serves as a gaseous molecular cluster and flows, carrying of hydrocarbon molecules which are produced through decomposition is greatly accelerated, and the balance decomposition is effectively conducted.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for mining natural gas hydrate, in particular to a method for mining natural gas hydrate by injecting high-temperature steam, and belongs to the technical field of energy development. Background technique [0002] Natural gas hydrate is a new type of clean resource discovered in the ocean and permafrost regions in the past two decades. Hydrocarbon molecules and water molecules form a cage-like crystal hydrate under low temperature (0~10℃) and medium and high pressure (>10MPa) conditions, the molecular formula M·nH 2 O, M are gas molecules, the common ones are CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 Other hydrocarbons and CO 2 , N 2 , H 2 Other non-hydrocarbon molecules, mainly methane. 1m 3 Natural gas hydrate can decompose and release 160~180m 3 (Standard) Natural gas, the global estimated total volume of natural gas hydrate is about 1.8×10 16 ~2.1×10 16 m 3 , Which is equivalent to twice the world's total proven conventional fossil f...

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Problems solved by technology

Because the chemical agent extraction method poses a potential pollution threat to underground fresh water and soil quality, and the cost of chemical reagents is relatively high, the depressurization extraction method has a low utilization rate for the development and utilization of natural gas hydrate layers, and the extraction rate is slow, and the depressurization method is a natural gas hydration method. It can be effectively used only when there is a natural gas field in the lower part of the mineral deposit, and the application of this method is limited by the storage conditions of natural gas hydrate

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