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Laser doppler electrophoresis using a diffusion barrier

a diffusion barrier and electrophoresis technology, applied in the field of electrophoretic measurement methods and apparatuses, can solve the problems of volume problems that are typically associated with lde and can also be problematic, and achieve the effects of reducing errors, different mobilities, and unusable cells

Active Publication Date: 2020-03-26
MALVERN INSTRUMENTS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This approach reduces sample degradation, minimizes errors from aggregates, and allows for more efficient optimization of measurements by maintaining a smaller sample volume, potentially increasing the number of measurements and enabling sample retrieval, while maintaining electrical contact and reducing electrode blackening.

Problems solved by technology

The volumes typically associated with LDE can also be problematic due to high sample cost and the iterative nature of LDE measurement optimization.

Method used

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  • Laser doppler electrophoresis using a diffusion barrier
  • Laser doppler electrophoresis using a diffusion barrier
  • Laser doppler electrophoresis using a diffusion barrier

Examples

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Embodiment Construction

[0024]Referring to FIG. 2A, an illustrative electrophoretic apparatus according to one aspect of the invention includes a cell 12 with an introduction channel 28, such as a needle. The introduction channel allows a user to introduce a sample, such as a protein sample into a buffer / dispersant 14 at a location that is separated from the electrodes.

[0025]Referring to FIGS. 2A-2D, in operation, the sample cell is filled, initially, only with the buffer in which the sample itself is dispersed in and not the sample itself (see FIG. 2A). The sample is added only to a small region in the vicinity of the detection volume and the measurement started. The measurement proceeds for long enough to record an accurate estimate of the electrophoretic mobility (see FIGS. 2B-2D), but not long enough for the sample to have reached the electrodes. This means that the sample may be retrieved, albeit diluted, afterward without the presence of electrode aggregates.

[0026]Referring to FIG. 3, the electrophor...

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Abstract

In one general aspect, an electrophoretic measurement method is disclosed that includes providing a vessel that holds a dispersant, providing a first electrode immersed in the dispersant, and providing a second electrode immersed in the dispersant. A sample is placed at a location within the dispersant between the first and second electrodes with the sample being separated from the electrodes, an alternating electric field is applied across the electrodes, and the sample is illuminated with temporally coherent light. A frequency shift is detected in light from the step of illuminating that has interacted with the sample during the step of applying an alternating electric field, and a property of the sample is derived based on results of the step of detecting.

Description

[0001]This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 12 / 972,412, filed Dec. 17, 2010, which is herein incorporated by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates to methods and apparatus for performing electrophoretic measurements, including laser Doppler electrophoresis measurements that use diffusion barriers.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]There are a number of techniques that have been used to measure the electrophoretic mobility of soft samples such as capillary zone electrophoresis, membrane confined steady state electrophoresis, the Tiselius apparatus, and electrophoretic light scattering, including Laser Doppler Electrophoresis (LDE). LDE measures mobility of particles by measuring particle motion under the application of an external electric field. Referring to FIG. 1, the particles 16 are dispersed in a buffer 14 and electrodes 24, 26 are immersed into the sample. The field is applied and at very high buffer conductivities and degradation o...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): G01N27/447G01N27/453
CPCG01N27/44743G01N27/44721G01N27/453
Inventor CORBETT, JASON CECIL WILLIAMCONNAH, MALCOLMMATTISON, KEVIN
Owner MALVERN INSTRUMENTS
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