Medical Device for Fluid Flow and Method of Forming Such Device

Abstract

A medical device which defines a lumen for flowing a bodily fluid from an upstream end of the device to a downstream end thereof is disclosed. The device has a luminal wall (14) that extends between the upstream and downstream ends and defines the lumen within which the fluid flows. The wall exhibits a succession of protuberances spaced from each other along the length of the device. Each protuberance has a flank facing upstream (54) and a flank facing downstream (64), the flank facing upstream extending into the fluid flow so that a radially outermost part of the flow of fluid from the upstream to the downstream end of the device impinges on the upstream flank and is thereby caused to reverse its flow, and flow upstream from the upstream flank to the downstream flank of the next adjacent protuberance upstream, creating micro-vortices between two adjacent protuberances.

Description

PRIORITY[0001]This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 665,891, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,133,277, which is a national stage application under 35 USC §371 of International Patent Application No. PCT / EP2005 / 011351, filed Oct. 21, 2005, claiming priority to United Kingdom Patent Application No. GB 0423422.5, filed Oct. 21, 2004, each of which is incorporated by reference into this application as if fully set forth herein.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates to medical devices which define a lumen for flowing a bodily fluid from an upstream end of the device to a downstream end thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to medical devices which define a lumen for flowing blood and which have a wall surface that inhibits adhesion of material out of the bodily fluid onto the wall surface of the lumen.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Disturbance of arterial blood circulation is one of the most common diseases in industrial countri...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0016]It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved medical device, whereby the medical device decreases the thrombogenic effect encountered especially when blood is in contact with artificial surfaces. Specifically, by placing on the wall surface of the medical device a succession of protuberances spaced from each other along the length of the device, the laminar flow pattern from the upstream and to the downstream end of the medical device having a lumen can be modified in the fluid flow layers adjacent to the luminal wall, in order to disturb the stasis of the layer adjacent to the luminal wall. More specifically, instead of stasis, it is proposed to stimulate the creation of micro-vortices in the marginal zone. Specifically, an upstream-facing flank surface of each protuberance intercepts that part of the general flow through the lumen of the medical device which is next to the wall, and reverses it, as the flow is turned from flowing downstream where it intercepts the tip of each protuberance, to flowing upstream by the time it has flown radially outwardly along the flank surface of the protuberance to reach the base of the protuberance, from which it flows upstream along the wall of a medical device until it reaches the downstream-facing flank of the next upstream adjacent protuberance (which turns it radially inwardly once again to join the general downstream flow of fluid radially inside the tip of that protuberance).

[0024]When there is natural formation of the luminal wall of a “conduit” in the body, the surface topography will likely be dependent on the flow direction, and exhibit a lack of symmetry between the upstream end and the downstream end of the bodily conduit. When realizing the present invention, in an implant with a luminal wall formed in accordance with the present invention, it may well also be the case that the protrusions are asymmetric, with the form of the upstream-facing flank differing from that of the downstream flank of each protuberance. In one preferred embodiment, the upstream flank has a shallower slope than the downstream flank. However, it may well be that a compromise can be reached, between on the one hand optimal performance in the body, and on the other hand efficiency in manufacture and placement in the body. An implant which is symmetrical as between its upstream and downstream end should be more economical to manufacture, and more tolerant and versatile, during its placement by a medical practitioner. In particular, when the upstream flank and the downstream flank have essentially the same slope, the medical practitioner does not have to pay attention in which direction the bodily implant has to be placed into the body.

Problems solved by technology

This increased pressure forces fluid layers close to the luminal wall, which have already been slowed down to a large extent by friction and thus not being able to act against the pressure increase, to a reverse flow.

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