Method for breeding new breed of pear of self-pollination and bear fruit

Abstract

A method for breeding the new pear germplasm with self pollination features that the earier ripe pear 'Bali' whose S gene type is S2S5 or 'Changshilang' whose S gene type is S2S3, and the pear 'Aogaershishiji' with self pollination are used to hybridize to obtain two excellent lines '98-19-117' and '99-6-39', whose self pollination is more than 70%.

Description

1. Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for cultivating new pear self-fertile germplasm, which belongs to an innovative method for pear self-fertile germplasm, and is specially used for cultivating fruit tree self-fertile varieties. 2. Technical background [0002] Pear (Pyrus) is the main fruit tree planted in the world and in my country. my country's existing cultivated area is about 1,026,400 hectares, with an output of 8,796,100 tons (according to the 2002 China Agricultural Yearbook), ranking third after apples and citrus. Pear trees are gametophytic self-flowering fruit trees, and the self-pollination and fruit-setting rate of most varieties is very low. In production, pollination varieties must be rationally allocated or artificial cross-pollination can be normal fruiting, especially in pear orchards cultivated in protected areas. higher requirements. Artificial pollination requires a lot of labor to collect or purchase pollen. Even so, it is oft...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

According to the current situation analysis, the reasons for the lack of pear self-fertilizing varieties are the following key problems: First, the research on the mechanism of pear self-fertilizing and non-fruiting and the genetic characteristics of self-fertilizing started relatively late, involving Some theoretical issues such as the genetic characteristics of self-fertilization have not been clarified, so there is a certain degree of blindness in the breeding practice of selecting hybrid parents, etc. The plants are mixed or have only self-fertile offspring, so it is impossible to screen out new germplasm with self-fertilization; secondly, there are still few self-fertile varieties with known S genotypes, only 'Oh 20th century', its S genotype is S 2 S 4 SM , was selected from the bud mutation selection in the 20th century, not only far from meeting the needs of production, but also seriously limiting the selection of self-fertile varieties used as hybrid parents; third, When using sexual hybridization to innovate self-fertile germplasm, although one of the parents can use a self-fertile variety, it is best to choose a known S genotype with excellent traits as the hybrid parent. When a variety with unknown S genotype is used as a hybrid parent, the proportion of self-fertile and non-fertile offspring cannot be predicted in advance, and it is even impossible to obtain self-fertile offspring

However, there are few self-fertile varieties with known S genotype, and there are fewer varieties with specific traits to choose from, which is also the reason for the slow progress in the breeding of self-fertile varieties.

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