Breeding method of corn hybrids

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of corn hybridization, and discloses a breeding method of corn hybrids. The method is mainly technically characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, establishing a heterosis group and a heterosis mode, hybridizing a public selfing line Q319 and a local germplasm 81162, adopting a pedigree method, conducting selfing for six generations, selecting a superior line, cultivating a selfing line Heng H1027 which belongs to a PB group*Reid group, dividing the selfing line Heng H1027 into a group A, introducing a selfing line PH4CV variant to backcross with PH4CV, then conducting selfing for five generations to breed a selfing line Heng HC705, and dividing a pedigree of the heterosis group into an Iodent group which belongs to a male parent group B; performing test-matching and grouping on a newly introduced germplasm material, then performing line selection, then carrying out circulating line selection, enabling F1 generation inheritable characters to be stable, carrying out selfing or improved line backcrossing on single plants, and realizing segregation of F2 or BC1 generation characters; and planting ear rows in the F3 generation, performing phenotype selection and inter-group test-matching rotation selection on the segregated ear rows and individuals, and finally obtaining the new corn hybrid variety. The method has the advantages of early maturity, short stems, lodging resistance and suitability for mechanical grain harvesting.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of corn breeding, in particular to a method for breeding corn hybrids. Background technique [0002] Maize is a cross-pollination crop. The combination of one type of maize inbred line with another type of inbred line often has good heterosis, while the heterosis among inbred lines within the group is weak. This type of inbred line The system is called a heterosis group, and two heterosis groups with heterosis are collectively called a heterosis pattern. The heterosis pattern is artificially formed by the breeders through circular improvement in order to make better use of germplasm and heterosis. [0003] Corn is the largest crop in my country, and ensuring food security is the country's largest strategic demand. Food security depends on the seed industry, and fine varieties are the basis for high yields of corn. The introduction and research of maize in my country is relatively late, the germplasm base ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The Huang-Huai-Hai area adopts a wheat-corn planting pattern of two crops a year. The effective accumulated temperature of summer corn in the northern part of the Huang-Hui-Hai area is insufficient, the grain water content is high, and it has not reached physiological maturity; with the large-scale land management and the transfer of rural labor to cities, The development direction of the whole process of agricultural production mechanization, the existing varieties have the defects of late maturity, high stalk, not resistant to lodging, and not suitable for machine harvesting