Rotor system fault diagnosis method and device based on vibration analysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotor system fault diagnosis method and device based on vibration analysis. A sensor acquires normal conditions of a rotor system and vibration signals under fault conditions; the acquired vibration signals are decomposed by an improved inherent time scale decomposition method to generate a plurality of rotational components and residual signals; related rotational components capable of reflecting fault information are selected from the rotational components; energy of each related rotational component is calculated; related vector machine multi-classification models are built by an improved directed acyclic method; fault characteristics are inputted to the related vector machine multi-classification models for training and fault diagnosis. A motor, a first bearing block, a second bearing block and a third bearing block are arranged on a test bed base, the first bearing block, the second bearing block and the third bearing block respectively support a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft which are sequentially connected with an output shaft of the motor, both the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are provided with a disk, and a sensor group is arranged at the end of the second rotating shaft. Rotor system fault types can be rapidly and accurately recognized, and the method and the device are applicable to online diagnosis of the rotor system.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fault diagnosis method for a rotor system. In particular, it relates to a vibration analysis-based fault diagnosis method and device for a rotor system. Background technique [0002] Vibration analysis is the simplest and most direct method for fault diagnosis of the rotor system. Typical vibration analysis methods include: short-time Fourier transform, wavelet transform, empirical mode decomposition, etc., but they all have their own limitations: short-time Fourier transform is only suitable for dealing with stationary signals, and cannot take into account the requirements of frequency and time resolution; although wavelet transform has a variable time-frequency window, there is no clear standard for the selection of wavelet basis functions; empirical mode decomposition is a An adaptive time-frequency decomposition method has been widely used in rotating machinery fault diagnosis, but this method has over-envelope, modal co...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Vibration analysis is the simplest and most direct method for fault diagnosis of the rotor system. Typical vibration analysis methods include: short-time Fourier transform, wavelet transform, empirical mode decomposition, etc., but they all have their own limitations: short-time Fourier transform is only suitable for dealing with stationary signals, and cannot take into account the requirements of frequency and time resolution; although wavelet transform has a variable time-frequency window, there is no clear standard for the selection of wavelet basis functions; empirical mode decomposition is a An adaptive time-frequency decomposition method has been widely used in rotating machinery fault diagnosis, but this method has over-envelope, modal confusion, end effect and unexplainable negative frequency caused by Hilbert transform, etc. question

Among them, the directed acyclic method is more efficient and there is no inseparable area, but because the distribution of directed acyclic nodes is random, if the upper layer nodes are misclassified, the error will be transmitted to the lower layer nodes, which will eventually affect the accuracy of fault diagnosis, which is called Directed Acyclic Error Accumulation Phenomenon

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