A device and method for direct preparation of aluminum alloy by molten salt electrolysis-casting

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for directly preparing aluminum alloy through molten salt electrolysis-casting, belonging to the technical field of electrolysis metallurgy. The device consists of an electrolytic bath system and a casting system below the electrolytic bath system; a casting channel and a bottom opening channel are communicated; the method comprises the following steps: (1) adding a cathode master alloy and molten salt electrolyte into a graphite crucible, and heating and melting; adding electrolysis raw materials and evenly mixing with the molten salt electrolyte; (2) dipping a graphite anode into the molten salt electrolyte; (3) plugging a potential testing probe into a molten cathode master alloy; (4) electrifying for electrolysis, and stopping after a reading on a voltmeter reaches a target value; (5) vacuumizing a casting heating furnace or leading in inert gas, and heating to 650-750DEG C; and (6) opening a bottom-opening cock of the graphite crucible, enabling an aluminum alloy melt to enter a die, performing electromagnetic stirring, and solidifying to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot. The method and device are convenient to operate, the method is simple and easy compared with the traditional method, and the prepared aluminum alloy is even in component distribution and meets the requirement, thus having excellent application prospects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic metallurgy, in particular to a device and method for directly preparing aluminum alloy by molten salt electrolysis-casting. Background technique [0002] Aluminum-lithium alloy has a series of advantages such as light specific gravity, high strength and elastic modulus, corrosion resistance, high temperature and ultra-low temperature resistance, and high specific rigidity, so it is widely used in aerospace and defense space and other fields. Aluminum-magnesium alloy has the advantages of light weight, good heat dissipation and strong compression resistance, and is widely used in construction, packaging, ships and other fields. [0003] The traditional production of aluminum alloys mainly adopts the method of blending, in which aluminum and high-purity metals are smelted together according to a certain ratio, and cast into aluminum alloys. The process is long, the equipment is complicated, th...

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Problems solved by technology

It is difficult to prepare aluminum-lithium alloys that meet the requirements by using such lithium products.

If it is necessary to prepare an aluminum-lithium alloy that meets the requirements through the method of mixing, it is necessary to further purify the raw metal lithium, which greatly increases the cost of the prepared aluminum-lithium alloy

[0005] Molten salt electrolysis is one of the ideal methods for preparing aluminum alloys. In the process of electrolytic preparation of aluminum alloys, metal aluminum or aluminum alloys are generally used as cathodes, and metal compounds are reduced and precipitated at the cathode by electrolysis of metal compounds. or aluminum alloys to form aluminum alloys; for example, Xu Junli et al. used LiCl-KCl as the electrolyte system and solid Al as the cathode to directly prepare Al-Li master alloys by molten salt electrolysis; Li Jidong et al. 2 CO 3 In pure lithium salt system, with Li 2 CO 3 Al-Li master alloy was prepared by electrolysis as raw material; Japan Sumitomo Light Metals Co., Ltd. used Al-Cu alloy as cathode to prepare Al-Cu-Li master alloy by electrolysis in LiCl-KCl molten salt system; Yang Shaohua et al. 2 -LiF-MgF 2 In the -MgO molten salt system, MgO was used as the raw material to prepare the Al-Mg master alloy by electrolysis; it can be seen that it is feasible to prepare the master alloy by molten salt electrolysis, but the master alloy prepared by molten salt electrolysis needs to be mixed with The aluminum alloy that meets the requirements can only be obtained by further smelting by the method; there is no report on the preparation of a certain brand of aluminum alloy by one-step molten salt electrolysis in the literature at home and abroad.

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