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Own-rooted seedling breeding technology for apple dwarf rootstocks

A technology for dwarfing rootstocks and self-rooted seedlings, which is applied in the field of seedling cultivation and young branch cutting rooting, can solve the problems of poor cold resistance, low cutting rooting rate and high cost, and achieves simple and easy operation method, wide range of applicable tree species and practicality. strong effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-05-01
CHANGLI INST OF POMOLOGY HEBEI ACADEMY OF AGRI & FORESTRY SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

China began to conduct research on the introduction and utilization of dwarf rootstocks in the 1960s. At present, the main product in production is M26 from the United Kingdom, but it cannot adapt to the production conditions in China’s main apple producing areas such as Hebei and Liaoning, especially because of its low cold resistance. Poor, freezing damage and stripping in winter are extremely serious, unable to meet the needs of dwarf and dense planting of apples in colder regions of China, resulting in less than 1% of the cultivated area of ​​dwarf apples in China
[0004] Since the early 1960s, China has started the breeding of apple dwarf rootstocks, and has bred a series of excellent dwarf rootstocks such as SH line, Liaozhen 2 and GM256. These rootstocks have excellent adaptability and stress resistance in China. It is superior to foreign rootstocks, but because of its low cutting rooting rate, only 20.5%-50%, it cannot meet the requirements of seedling production
At present, some self-rooted rootstocks can only be obtained through tissue culture, but due to the high cost, it has not been widely used in production so far

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0034] Example 1: Twig cutting propagation of apple dwarf rootstock SH6 self-rooted seedlings

[0035] Plant 500 SH6 seedlings grafted on crabapple rootstock horizontally on the hotbed, cover 4-6 cm of vermiculite, and control the temperature at 20°C. After 30 days, 4892 SH6 shoots will grow. When the shoots form 4-5 When cutting leaves, break off 4680 young shoots from the base, quickly dip them in 1000 mg / kg IBA (containing 800 times liquid 75% carbendazim) for 5 seconds, and place the cuttings in a nutrient bowl with vegetable garden soil. Shade net shading, after cuttings, turn on the intermittent spraying device, set the spray time controller to 2 minutes per spray, 8 minutes interval, open the sunshade net. When the greenhouse skylight is set above 25°C, it will automatically open to ventilate the air. When the skylight is opened and the temperature is still above 25°C, shade with a shade net to ensure that the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled below 25°C. Aft...

example 2

[0036] Example 2: Twig cutting propagation of apple dwarf rootstock SH18 self-rooted seedlings

[0037] Cultivate the tender shoots of SH18 apple dwarf stock according to the method of example 1, process with the ABT rooting powder of 2000ppm, check 26 days after cutting, the rooting rate is 86.3%, and the root number of each cutting seedling is between 4-11.

example 3

[0038] Example 3: Apple dwarf rootstock SH6 cutting seedling hardening and field transplanting

[0039] Stop spraying the rooted seedlings of the SH6 cuttings propagated in Example 1 on the 27th day after cutting, and continue to grow for 5 days in a greenhouse at 16-25°C. At this time, the soil on the surface of the nutrient bowl has dried up, and the nutrient bowl is moved into the turnover box. Move it outside the greenhouse, continue to harden the seedlings in a place with sufficient sunlight, and spray water when the soil in the nutrient pot is dry.

[0040] Remove the nutritious pot seedlings that have been tempered, set the value in the field according to the row spacing of 40 cm × 15 cm, and pour large water after planting. Then transfer to normal field management. In September, the survey found that the transplanting survival rate reached 96%, and the seedlings that could reach the grafting thickness reached 91%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an own-rooted seedling breeding technology for apple dwarf rootstocks. The own-rooted seedling breeding technology comprises hot bed cultivation of apple dwarf rootstock young shoots, a young shoot cuttage pre-treatment technology, a nutrition pot direct cuttage technology, an intermittent spray control technology and seedling hardening and transplanting. Due to the adoption of the technology, plant cutting nursery of apple dwarf rootstocks and other difficultly-rooted woody plants can be realized, current year cuttage can be realized, and the nursery requirement of a grafting thickness is met in a current year; and the technology plays an important role in prompting rapid development of dwarf thick planting of apples in China.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technique of cutting rooting and seedling cultivation of hard-to-root woody plants, and in particular relates to a self-rooted seedling breeding technique of dwarf apple rootstock. Background technique [0002] At present, the main cultivation mode of apples in China is dense planting with arbor anvils. There are many problems in dense planting with arbor anvils, such as labor-intensive management, complex technology, closed orchards, and difficult control of fruit quality. Dwarfing and dense planting is the development direction of apple cultivation, which can not only improve the land utilization rate, shorten the fruiting period, and is suitable for light and simplified management, but also can improve the yield and fruit quality. At present, the dwarf apple area in some developed countries has accounted for more than 90% of the total apple cultivation area. [0003] The key to realizing dwarf and dense planting of appl...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00A01G1/06
Inventor 李春敏赵同生杨凤秋陈东玫张朝红张新生赵永波付友
Owner CHANGLI INST OF POMOLOGY HEBEI ACADEMY OF AGRI & FORESTRY SCI
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