Periodontal surgery operation methods and instruments

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to methods of performing periodontal surgeries, and instruments for performing said surgeries. A method of performing periodontal surgery to correct a gingival defect of a patient according to a general embodiment comprises the steps of making an incision at or near a fornix of the patient near the gingival defect, inserting an instrument into the incision to detach a flap, advancing the flap horizontally without enlarging the incision, elevating a papilla within the flap, stretching the flap to cover the gingival defect, and pressing against the flap to promote fibrin formation. An instrument for performing periodontal surgery according to one general embodiment comprises a handle, a first shank connecting to and extending from the handle, a connector section, and a blade section. The connector section further comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end connects to the first shank at a first angle, and the second end connects to the blade section at a second angle. Further, the blade section is approximately perpendicular to a plane formed by the handle and the connector section, and a cutting surface of the blade section is parallel to the second end of the connector section.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims priority under 35 USC §119(e) from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60 / 706,247, filed Aug. 4, 2005, entitled “Chao Single Invisible Incision Trans-mucosal Flap with Papillae Elevation and Augmentation Approach,” the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention relates generally to methods of performing periodontal surgeries, and instruments for performing said surgeries. [0004] 2. Related Art [0005] Gum diseases, such as periodontitis and gingivitis, can cause damages to the gum near the root of a tooth. In some cases, the gum line near a tooth can recede, exposing the root of the tooth in a condition known gingival recession. The receded gum line is called a gingival defect. The gingival defect of a receding gum near the root of a tooth is unsightly, can cause discomfort, and can lead to severe damages ...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0015] Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to surgical methods of and surgical instruments for periodontal surgeries, such as a gingival or papillae augmentation operations, according to the Chao Trans-Mucosal and Papillae Elevation (TMPE) approach. Further, the embodiments of the surgical instruments have designs that minimize the size of the incision size and maximizes the efficiency of the operation.

Problems solved by technology

Gum diseases, such as periodontitis and gingivitis, can cause damages to the gum near the root of a tooth.

The gingival defect of a receding gum near the root of a tooth is unsightly, can cause discomfort, and can lead to severe damages to the gum and tooth.

While this surgery technique is capable of repairing gingival defects for one tooth or a group of adjacent teeth, it is a complicated surgery with a relatively long recovery time and significant morbidity.

The outcome of the surgery is technique sensitive—the surgery is subject to failure from errors made by even well-trained surgeons or operators.

Also, the incision area is large, which increases the recovery time and increases the possibility of an infection.

Lastly, due to the large incisions made during the surgery and the grafting of new tissues, it is likely that the patient will have visible permanent scars on the gum tissues resulting from the surgery.

In addition, the grafted tissue often does not match with the patient's own tissues in color and appearance, which may further create an unaesthetic appearance for the patient.

If not properly done, this dissection procedure can lead to a loss of blood supply and necrosis of the flap.

First, because part of the gum is moved to cover the gingival defect, this leaves a gap at the point of incision.

This gap can expose part of the root of the tooth and may lead to other complications.

Secondly, this technique allows at most a movement of the gum line for up to 3 millimeters (mm), and is not available for more severe gingival defects where the gum line recedes more.

Like the previous technique, this technique can also leave unsightly permanent scars on the gum of the patient.

Lastly, this technique is not recommended for operations on lower teeth.

The design of these instruments, in terms of size, blade design, angulations of connectors and other characteristics, require extensive incisions and intricate suturing techniques.

These instruments are not designed for minimally invasive gingival or papillae augmentation surgeries.

Because this instrument and other conventional instruments are not designed in particular to be used for gingival or papillae augmentation surgeries, the use of these instruments require large incisions and awkward operating angles for the surgeon, increasing the recovery time for the patient and decreasing the success rate of the surgeries.

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