Method for reducing air pressure measurement Millikan oil-drop balanced voltage

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing air pressure measurement Millikan oil-drop balanced voltage, in order to reduce the effect on oil-drop balanced voltage measurement brought by oil-drop balanced acting force caused by air collision. The technical scheme is as follows: the method for reducing air pressure measurement Millikan oil-drop balanced voltage is characterized in that air pressure in an oil-drop chamber is reduced, so that a Brownian movement phenomenon of an oil drop can be ignored, wherein the degree of capable of being ignored refers to that no oil drop can be seen drifting in the horizontal direction, namely the oil drop only can move in the vertical direction. The beneficial effects are as follows: the air pressure in the oil-drop chamber is reduced, so that the Brownian movement phenomenon of the oil drop can be ignored, and the balanced voltage of the oil drop can be accurately measured; through holes are uniformly distributed in the side surface of a cylinder, so that air flowing in the horizontal direction is balanced to the oil drop, thus avoiding the movement of the oil drop caused by vacuumizing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement of physical quantities. Background technique [0002] When judging the force balance of an object, the judgment standard is generally based on whether the object is at rest or in uniform linear motion. In most cases, whether the object is at rest is used to judge whether the object is in force balance (the resultant force is 0). [0003] The diameter of the Millikan oil droplet is roughly on the order of microns, and the distance between air molecules is roughly on the order of nanometers. When the oil droplet is close to equilibrium, the oil droplet is equivalent to a suspended particle. There will be Brownian motion, that is, irregular and chaotic movement of the droplet particles, which makes it difficult to judge the force balance of the oil droplet. For relatively large oil droplets, the unbalanced force of air molecules on the oil droplets is relatively small compared to the gravity of the oil dr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The diameter of the Millikan oil droplet is roughly on the order of microns, and the distance between air molecules is roughly on the order of nanometers. When the oil droplet is close to equilibrium, the oil droplet is equivalent to a suspended particle. The droplet particles will appear Brownian motion, that is, irregular and chaotic movement, which makes it difficult to judge the force balance of the oil droplet

For relatively large oil droplets, the unbalanced force of air molecules on the oil droplets is relatively small compared to the gravity of the oil droplets (that is, the mass and inertia are large), and the stability of the suspension is relatively good. However, due to the large oil droplets and large mass , The effect of air molecules is small, the speed of falling is relatively fast (that is, the time of falling is relatively short), and the error of measuring its falling time is relatively large (subject to the human physiological reaction speed of 0.1 seconds, because the oil droplets are relatively small, photoelectricity cannot be used) Doors and other devices for timing, generally use a microscope to magnify and manually judge its position and operation start timing and operation stop timing); when the oil droplet is relatively small, the imbalance caused by the collision of air molecules is relatively large, and Brownian motion Obviously, it is impossible to accurately determine whether it is in a balanced state, resulting in a relatively large measurement error of the balanced voltage

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