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Microporous spherical ammonium nitrate and its preparation method

A granular ammonium nitrate and microporous technology, which is applied in explosives, offensive equipment, explosives processing equipment, etc., can solve the problems of incomplete explosion of ANFO explosives, large critical diameter of ANFO explosives, difficulty in obtaining explosive effect, etc., and achieve detonation High sensitivity, high oil absorption rate, and the effect of improving efficiency and benefit

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-04-20
NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] But, the porous granular ammonium oil explosive (ANFO) that porous granular ammonium nitrate adsorbs fuel oil to make has three problems in use: first, the detonation sensitivity is very low, and the detonator cannot be used when the ANFO explosive made of it is actually used. To detonate it, one or several priming charges (bags, strips) or detonators must be used to make it explode; secondly, the critical diameter of ANFO explosives is large, and the explosion can only be formed in a cannon hole with a diameter greater than 100mm. Produce an explosive effect; again, the explosion of ANFO explosives is generally not complete, and it is difficult to obtain the maximum explosive effect, etc.

Method used

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  • Microporous spherical ammonium nitrate and its preparation method
  • Microporous spherical ammonium nitrate and its preparation method
  • Microporous spherical ammonium nitrate and its preparation method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] Embodiment 1 adopts the first technical scheme (spray granulation method) process flow of the present invention such as image 3 : the temperature is 140 ℃, concentration is the ammonium nitrate concentrated solution of 96.0wt% through the nozzle spray granulation that is positioned at the top of the prilling tower, obtains the spherical granular or ellipsoidal ammonium nitrate that contains about 3.0wt% moisture at the bottom of the tower; Then in This ammonium nitrate granule surface evenly sprays 0.05wt% commercially available cationic surfactant octadecylamine acetate and 0.2wt% water-repellent liquid paraffin; This ammonium nitrate is put into the drum granulator again, The temperature inside the machine is controlled at about 140°C, and the pressure is lower than -0.08Mpa; the material stays in the machine for about 5-8 minutes, and it is the product of the present invention after being discharged.

[0034] The measured average bulk density of microporous ammonium...

Embodiment 2

[0035]Embodiment 2 adopts the first technical scheme of the present invention: the ammonium nitrate concentrated solution that is 165 ℃ and concentration is 99.0wt% is sprayed and granulated by the spray nozzle positioned at the top of the prilling tower, and about 0.5wt% moisture is obtained at the bottom of the tower Spherical or ellipsoidal ammonium nitrate; then evenly spray 0.1wt% commercially available cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylamine on the surface of this ammonium nitrate particle; then put this ammonium nitrate into drum granulation In the machine, the temperature inside the machine is controlled at about 100°C, and the pressure is lower than -0.07Mpa; the material stays in the machine for about 8-10 minutes, and it is the product of the present invention after being discharged.

[0036] The measured average bulk density of microporous ammonium nitrate is 0.71g / cm 2 , The average oil absorption rate is 20.5%; the critical diameter of the MANFO explosive after...

Embodiment 3

[0037] Embodiment 3 adopts the first technical scheme of the present invention: the temperature is 155 ℃, the ammonium nitrate concentrated solution that concentration is 97.5wt% is sprayed and granulated by the nozzle that is positioned at the top of the granulation tower, obtains approximately containing 2.0wt% moisture at the bottom of the tower Spherical or ellipsoidal ammonium nitrate; then evenly spray 0.1wt% commercially available dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and 0.1wt% nonionic surfactant acrylate on the surface of this ammonium nitrate particle; The ammonium nitrate is put into the rotary drum granulator, the temperature inside the machine is controlled at about 125°C, and the pressure is lower than -0.08Mpa; the material stays in the machine for about 10-12 minutes, and the product of the present invention is obtained after being discharged.

[0038] The measured average bulk density of microporous ammonium nitrate is 0.71g / cm 2 , The average oil absorption rate...

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Abstract

The invention discloses microporous pelletal ammonium nitrate and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: adding pelletal or ellipsoidal ammonium nitrate containing proper moisture; quickly gasifying and emitting moisture in particles under the constraint conditions at certain temperature and negative pressure; leaving a lot of extremely small 'channels' inside the particles, so as to form solid ammonium nitrate-microporous pelletal ammonium nitrate particles in which a lot of tiny pores are evenly distributed. The tiny pores can be subjected to adiabatic compression to form high-temperature and high-pressure 'hot spots' when being in initiation energy instantaneous shock, so as to stimulate explosion of the overall explosive. The prepared microporous pelletal ammonium nitrate not only has all advantages of porous pelletal ammonium nitrate, but also is higher in oil absorption rate and large in superficial area, and the prepared microporous granular ammonium nitrate explosive (MANFO) has the characteristics of small detonator initiation sensitivity, small critical diameter and the like, and is safer to explode. Therefore, the microporous pelletal ammonium nitrate is more convenient to use, wider in application range, and more excellent in use effect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to ammonium nitrate and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a microporous spherical granular ammonium nitrate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of material chemical preparation. Background technique [0002] As an oxidizing agent, ammonium nitrate is widely used in energetic materials, especially as the main oxidizing agent of industrial explosives. Ammonium nitrate usually has three states: crystalline (that is, powder), granular (that is, granular) and porous granular (that is, porous granular). Spherical or ellipsoidal ammonium nitrate with small pores. Porous granular ammonium nitrate has been widely used in large blasting occasions mixed on site due to its unique adsorption to fuel oil, good fluidity and physical stability, and has become the main development direction of industrial explosives at present and in the future. [0003] But, the porous granular ammonium oil explosive (ANFO) that...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C06B31/28C06B21/00
Inventor 刘祖亮李皓胡炳成周新利
Owner NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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