Method for hybridizing soybeans in tropical regions

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for hybridizing soybeans in tropical regions. The method comprises the following steps: 1, firstly, sowing a male parent, then sowing a female parent, and carrying light treatment on the male parent and the female parent for realizing the flower synchronization of the male and female parents after soybean germination according to the following method: carrying out light supplementing treatment on the male parent, wherein the daily lighting time is 17-18 hours; arranging the female parent in a natural light condition without light supplementing treatment, wherein the daily lighting time is 11-12 hours; and 2, in the flowering periods of the male and female parents, removing a corolla of a flower on a female parent plant but maintaining stamen, pollinating the pollen of the male parent on a stigma of the female parent, and thus obtaining a hybrid seed on the female parent. The method is utilized to hybridize the soybeans in tropical regions, the hybridizing efficiency can be increased, processed are reduced, and the cost is lowered; and the method has important meanings in improving the genetic diversity of improved soybean varieties and accelerating a soybean seed breeding process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology and relates to a method for soybean hybridization in tropical areas. Background technique [0002] Soybean is a typical short-day crop with a narrow application range. At present, when cultivating soybean varieties in various places, mainly the local main varieties or varieties with similar flowering and maturity periods to the local varieties are used as parents to prepare hybrid combinations. Due to the limited range of available parents, the genetic basis of the breed is narrowed. Northeast spring soybean production area is the most important soybean production area in China. In the past ten years, the parents of soybean varieties bred in Northeast China have almost all come from this area and a few materials from similar maturity groups in the United States and northern Japan. The genetic basis has serious regional limitations. Therefore, strengthening the mutual exchange of geographically dista...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The spring soybean production areas in Northeast my country are located at high latitudes, with long sunshine and short frost-free period. When planting Huanghuai and southern soybean varieties under natural light conditions in the fields of the main spring soybean production areas in Northeast China, the flowering period of foreign soybean varieties is often shorter than that of local varieties. Late, so that the flowering period is not met, and it is difficult to achieve hybridization

Although artificial short-day treatment can make the flowering periods of varieties from different geographical origins meet, but the treatment cost is high, the scale is limited, and some early-maturing varieties will have cleistosporation problems after short-day treatment, and the survival rate of hybridization is extremely low

During winter multiplication in Hainan, it is possible to meet geographically distant germplasm resources at the flowering stage. However, most materials, especially those from northern high latitudes, flower prematurely, have too small flower organs, and often have cleistogamous pollination. The success rate of hybridization very low

At present, soybean breeding units generally do not configure hybrid combinations in tropical and subtropical regions such as Hainan in winter, and it is difficult to make full use of the southern breeding season in winter

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