Methods and Devices for Lung Treatment

Abstract

A method of diagnosing collateral ventilation between regions of a lung includes the step of measuring at least one parameter associated with a target lung region while a catheter is positioned in the target lung region. A level of collateral fluid flow into the target lung region is detected based on the at least one parameter.

Description

REFERENCE TO PRIORITY DOCUMENTS [0001] This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 384,899 entitled “Methods and Devices for Inducing Collapse in Lung Regions Fed by Collateral Pathways”, filed Mar. 6, 2003, which claims priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 363,328 entitled “Methods and Devices for Inducing Collapse in Lung Regions Fed by Collateral Pathways”, filed Mar. 8, 2002. Priority of the aforementioned filing dates is hereby claimed, and the disclosures of the aforementioned patent application are hereby incorporated by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] This invention relates generally to methods and devices for use in performing pulmonary procedures and, more particularly, to procedures for treating various diseases of the lung. [0004] 2. Description of the Related Art [0005] Pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reduce the ability of...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent describes methods and devices for regulating fluid flow to and from a lung region that is supplied air through one or more collateral pathways, such as to induce collapse in the lung region or to achieve a desired flow dynamic. The invention can involve identifying and reducing collateral fluid flow through a collateral pathway or direct fluid flow through a direct pathway. The patent also describes methods for diagnosing collateral ventilation between regions of a lung and treating the lung by positioning a catheter in a bronchial passageway and measuring parameters associated with the target region of the lung. The technical effects of the invention include improved methods for regulating fluid flow and diagnosing and treating lung conditions.

Problems solved by technology

Pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reduce the ability of one or both lungs to fully expel air during the exhalation phase of the breathing cycle.

Because of the increase in environmental pollutants, cigarette smoking, and other noxious exposures, the incidence of COPD has increased dramatically in the last few decades and now ranks as a major cause of activity-restricting or bed-confining disability in the United States.

It is known that emphysema and other pulmonary diseases reduce the ability of one or both lungs to fully expel air during the exhalation phase of the breathing cycle.

The problem is further compounded by the diseased, less elastic tissue that surrounds the very narrow airways that lead to the alveoli (the air sacs where oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange occurs).

This tissue has less tone than healthy tissue and is typically unable to maintain the narrow airways open until the end of the exhalation cycle.

This traps air in the lungs and exacerbates the already-inefficient breathing cycle.

The trapped air causes the tissue to become hyper-expanded and no longer able to effect efficient oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange.

However, such suction may undesirably collapse the airways, especially the more proximal airways, due to the surrounding diseased tissue, thereby preventing successful fluid removal.

By taking up more of the pleural space, the hyper-expanded lung tissue reduces the amount of space available to accommodate the healthy, functioning lung tissue.

As a result, the hyper-expanded lung tissue causes inefficient breathing due to its own reduced functionality and because it adversely affects the functionality of adjacent, healthier tissue.

The conventional surgical approach is relatively traumatic and invasive, and, like most surgical procedures, is not a viable option for all patients.

This can result in the diseased region of the lung still receiving air even though the isolation devices were implanted into the direct pathways to the lung.

Collateral flow into an isolated lung region can make it difficult to achieve a desired flow dynamic for the lung region.

Moreover, it has been shown that as the disease progresses, the collateral flow throughout the lung can increase, which makes it even more difficult to properly isolate a diseased lung region by simply implanting flow control valves in the bronchial passageways that directly feed air to the diseased lung region.

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