High-efficiency planting mode of intercropping in saline-alkali soil in middle-severe chloride salt sandy soil in the Yellow River Delta

Abstract

The invention relates to a Yellow River delta heavy chloride saline soil maize-cotton-sorghum intercropping efficient planting manner. The Yellow River delta heavy chloride saline soil maize-cotton-sorghum intercropping efficient planting manner can protect against wind, reduce salt, combine utilization and fertility improvement and simplify the entire process. The Yellow River delta heavy chloride saline soil maize-cotton-sorghum intercropping efficient planting manner comprises, during spring sowing, planting 6-8 rows of maize in the north of parcels and interplanting cotton and sorghum which are high in salt tolerance, wherein the number of planting ridges of the cotton and sorghum meets the harvesting conditions of cotton pickers and sorghum harvesters; after alkali is decreased through flooding, taking full advantage of the feature of high growth speed of mulched maize and establishing a maize wind protecting belt in the north; mulch-planting sorghum species similar in height to cotton plants to establish a sorghum wind slowing belt in fields in a direction perpendicular to wind. The Yellow River delta heavy chloride saline soil maize-cotton-sorghum intercropping efficient planting manner can reduce canopy evaporation of water of crops as well as water consumption of fields in early spring and promote early germination, early seedling setting, early budding and early boll setting of the cotton.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a high-efficiency planting mode of corn, cotton and sorghum intercropping in saline-alkali land of medium and severe chloride salt sandy soil in the Yellow River Delta. [0002] technical background [0003] The serious shortage of land resources and the poor quality of land have always restricted the development of agriculture in our country. With the development of science and technology, as a precious land resource, the use of saline-alkali land has been paid more and more attention. There are about 35 million hectares of saline-alkali land in my country, of which 80% have not been developed and utilized. Improving saline-alkali land for crop planting is the best way to effectively use saline-alkali land, which has huge economic value and environmental protection value. [0004] In 2013, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly launc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The Shandong project area of ​​the "Bohai Granary" science and technology demonstration project mainly involves more than 200,000 hectares in the three cities of Dongying, Binzhou, and Dezhou, a large part of which is medium-to-severe chloride salt sandy soil saline-alkali land with a salt content of more than 0.3%. The biggest feature is that it is windy in spring, and the monthly average wind speed over the years reaches a maximum of 3.5m / s in April, and the number of days with the maximum wind speed ≥ 5.0m / s over the years is up to 24.6 days, and the annual average monthly precipitation in April The temperature is 24.9mm, and the monthly average temperature over the years is only 14.2°C. The local perennial climate factors lead to strong wind, little precipitation and low temperature in spring. Na + 、K + The ion content is high, the shelter forest network is difficult to survive, and the water in the sandy soil loses fast. In addition, due to the small and untimely irrigation quota for diverting the Yellow River in recent years, high water pressure is often caused by rapid water dissipation in the saline-alkali land of moderate to severe chloride salt. Problems such as rapid soil return to alkali after alkali and difficulty in crop seedling growth

[0005] At present, large-scale planting of wheat, corn, rice, sweet sorghum, cotton, watermelon, sunflower, peanut, oat, alfalfa and other crops has been carried out in the Yellow River Delta region, among which the average yield per unit area of ​​wheat is 150-440kg / 666.7m 2 , the average yield per unit area of ​​corn is 315-500kg / 666.7m 2 , the average yield per unit area of ​​rice reaches 300kg / 666.7m2 2 , but it is greatly affected by climate conditions, with large inter-annual differences

Relevant experimental studies mainly focus on single crop planting or annual rotation of wheat and corn, without considering the reasonable collocation of different types of crop planting patterns and the sustainable development of the combination of land use and nutrition.

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