Method for cultivating male sterile tobacco haploids from unfertilized ovules

Abstract

The invention provides a method for culturing a male sterile tobacco haplont via an unfertilized ovule. According to the method for culturing the male sterile tobacco haplont, an ovule of which the development of an unpollinated male sterile tobacco bud is between a megasporocyte stage and a binucleate stage is used as a culture medium, after sterilization treatment, the ovule is sequentially subjected to embryoid induced culture, regeneration bud rooting culture and regenerated plant culture in a 28-DEG C illumination culture chamber, so that the male sterile tobacco haplont is finally cultured, and during the period of the culture, the illumination continuously lasts for 10 hours every day under a 1,500 Lux illumination condition. The method for culturing the male sterile tobacco haplont via the unfertilized ovule is adopted to culture male sterile tobaccos, so that the frequency of tobacco ovule embryoid induction and plant regeneration are remarkably improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco breeding, and in particular relates to a method for obtaining haploids of male sterile tobacco hybrids by culturing unfertilized ovules. Background technique [0002] Haploid refers to a sporophyte that has a gametic chromosome composition. Haploid induction technology, as the main component of modern high-efficiency breeding system, has the following significant advantages: After doubling the haploid material of crops, it will become a pure line (double haploid), and after selecting the best from the best, it can quickly produce homozygous excellent hybrid combinations Excellent genetic loci, so that the breeding period is shortened by 3 to 4 years compared with conventional methods; secondly, because the genotype and phenotype of the double haploid plants are completely consistent, the frequency of misselection can be greatly reduced when screening breeding materials, and the selection rate can ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the 1990s, some tobacco scientific research institutions in the United States, especially the North Carolina State University Tobacco Genetics and Breeding Project Group, did a lot of research and found that after doubling, the yield and quality traits of such haploids often deteriorate seriously, and the value of breeding utilization is limited. , and the doubling frequency of this type of haploid is very low, usually only about 1%. At present, this method is rarely used in tobacco breeding (Ren Xueliang, Li Jixin, Li Minghai. 2007. The progress of tobacco breeding in the United States. China Tobacco Journal, NO.6.57-64)

Although predecessors related to the cultivation of male sterile tobacco non-pollinated ovaries (Zhu Zhongchun, Wu Haishan. 1981. Haploid plants were cultivated from non-pollinated tobacco haploid plants. Acta Genetics, NO.1.63-65; Pan Li, Yang Tiezhao. 2000. Research on the induction of embryoid body of unpollinated ovary in tobacco. Northwest Botanical Journal, NO.1.59-63), but only in pure line varieties, no male sterile hybrids with unpollinated ovary cultured Reports, especially the research on obtaining male sterile tobacco haploid plants through unfertilized ovule culture, have not been published so far

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