Air gun array earthquake source three-dimensional space combination method for offshore earthquake exploration

Abstract

The invention relates to an air gun array earthquake source three-dimensional space combination method for offshore earthquake exploration. The method comprises the steps of determining the total capacity of an air gun array earthquake source, and the number of subarraies, determining the capacity of each subarray and the capacity of each subarray unit in each subarray, determining the relative positions of large capacity air guns and small capacity air guns, determining the positions of all the subarraies in an air gun array, determining the optimal immersing depth of the air gun array, selecting air gun array plane arrangement parameters corresponding to simulating wavelets meeting exploration requirements, determining the optimal three-dimensional space combination mode of the air gun array and related parameters of the immersing depth of upper sources and the lower sources and the like, so that a delayed simulating three-dimensional space combination stereoscopic air gun array earthquake source can be obtained, and the delayed simulating three-dimensional space combination stereoscopic air gun array earthquake source is final air gun earthquake source three-dimensional space combination for offshore earthquake exploration. The air gun combination arrangement mode designed through the air gun array earthquake source three-dimensional space combination method is distinct in gradation, the optimal air gun combination arrangement mode is provided for different construction conditions and different offshore exploration environments, and therefore optimal far field wavelets in the current environment can be obtained. The air gun array earthquake source three-dimensional space combination method for the offshore earthquake exploration can be directly used in the outdoor offshore earthquake exploration process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an exploration method for energy development, in particular to a three-dimensional spatial combination method of an air gun array seismic source for marine seismic exploration. Background technique [0002] Deep water exploration is one of the important directions of offshore seismic exploration. Under the condition of complex geological structure in deep water, it is very important to improve the resolution of seismic data. In addition to using specific techniques to improve resolution in seismic data processing, it is more important to obtain high-resolution raw seismic data in seismic data acquisition. Therefore, the research on high-resolution source combination in marine seismic exploration is very urgent. [0003] The airgun source is the most widely used source in marine seismic exploration. It has the advantages of low cost, clean and environmentally friendly, stable performance, high controllability, and repeatabilit...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are two problems. On the one hand, for the complex geological conditions at sea, a certain combination method can only optimize the source wavelet in one or several aspects, while other aspects are less effective and cannot obtain comprehensive high-quality The ideal far-field wavelet of

On the other hand, the airgun seismic source of the traditional planar combination is excited in water. Due to the effect of sea surface ghost reflection (that is, ghost waves), there is a notch in the frequency spectrum of the source wavelet, and the energy at the notch point is low, which seriously affects the source wavelet. The frequency band width limits the resolution of offshore seismic exploration, which is extremely unfavorable to the processing and interpretation of subsequent seismic data

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