Efficient Key Agreement Method and System Based on Fourier Transform

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-efficiency key agreement method and system based on Fourier transform. The method realizes the key agreement between two users Alice and Bob based on high-dimensional quantum, wherein Alice is a full quantum node with complete quantum function, and Bob is a semi-quantum node; where Bob randomly reflects the particles sent by Alice back to the sending end or returns after performing a unitary operation, and at the same time shifts through the delay technology to disrupt the order of the returned particles, and Alice receives the random After the particles are sequenced, relevant operations are performed, and the key agreement is finally completed. The method in the invention has high communication efficiency, can resist most attacks, has strong security and is easy to implement.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of key agreement, and in particular relates to an efficient key agreement method and system based on Fourier transform. Background technique [0002] Key management is an extremely important research field in cryptography, among which key establishment mainly studies how to securely and efficiently generate session keys between transmission entities. According to different ways of generating session keys, key establishment methods can be divided into two categories: key distribution and key agreement. The problems to be solved by key distribution and key agreement are quite different, especially in group user communication, and the execution purposes of the two schemes are particularly different. In the key distribution scheme, the key is generated by a key distributor (participant or third party), and it is secretly sent to other participants through a secure channel; while in the key agreement scheme, the...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, the document with the patent application number of 2019104472790 also proposes a two-party quantum key agreement method and system based on the Bell state. This method is also based on half-quantum, but it requires half-quantum users to configure quantum memory to complete the key agreement. , it is impossible for the user to complete the negotiation without memory, the application range is limited and the communication efficiency is low

In addition, the current half-quantum key agreement schemes are mostly realized based on two-dimensional quantum states, that is, the quantum states are composed of { , }, and it is necessary to prepare an entangled state to achieve key agreement. This type of scheme is based on multi-particle entangled states, and the communication efficiency is low and the security is weak. The amount of information that can be represented by one particle in the transmitted particle sequence is only 2 The probability that the attacker guesses the state of the particle is 1 / 2, that is, the attacker has half the probability of obtaining the transmitted quantum information; there are also some existing key agreement schemes that need to prepare multi-particle Entangled state, but the multi-particle entangled state is difficult to prepare and the state is unstable

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