True ground surface-based pre-stack seismic imaging method

Abstract

The present invention provides a true ground surface-based pre-stack seismic imaging method. The method includes the following steps that: a pre-stressed seismic trace gather is corrected to a ground surface coherent floating surface, so that a first seismic trace gather is obtained; the first seismic trace gather is dynamically corrected, so that a second seismic trace gather is obtained; the remaining static correction amount of the second seismic trace gather is calculated, and the remaining static correction amount is applied to the first seismic trace gather, so that a third seismic trace gather can be obtained; pre-stack time migration based on a true ground surface and a true vibration amplitude is performed on the third seismic trace gather, so that a post-processing fourth seismic trace gather can be obtained; and a final migration superimposed seismic imaging result is generated according to the post-processing fourth seismic trace gather. The true ground surface-based pre-stack seismic imaging method of the invention is particularly suitable for processing seismic data imaging problems in work areas where topographic relief is severe, deep structures are complex and signal-to-noise ratios are low. The true ground surface-based pre-stack seismic imaging method of the invention has the advantages of clear imaging of structures, better performance in matching a borehole and better performance in identifying associated fractures. The imaging effect of the method of the invention can depict the small fractures of complex fault block regions more clearly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to geophysical exploration technology, more specifically, to a pre-stack seismic imaging method based on the true surface, aiming at the imaging problems of seismic data in the work area with severe terrain fluctuations, complex underground structures and low signal-to-noise ratio. Background technique [0002] Imaging research under complex surface conditions has always been a difficult problem for geophysicists. The general approach to this problem is to perform imaging on a floating datum on the basis of solving the static correction problem. Algorithms such as horizontal stack dynamic correction and migration imaging commonly used in seismic data processing all assume a horizontal surface. To realize this assumption, the static correction technique is usually used to correct the seismic data collected on the true surface to a non-surface consistent horizontal plane (common midpoint (CMP) floating datum). [0003] my country ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] For example, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a pre-stack seismic imaging method based on the true surface for complex mountainous seismic work areas.

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